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From the Age of Limits to the Age of Reagan
Chapter 33
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Gerald R. Ford
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First action as president:
Ford pardons Nixon
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Prices continue to rise
Ford has a plan
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Lynette ‘Squeaky’ Fromm
Sarah Jane Moore Lynette ‘Squeaky’ Fromm
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Jimmy Carter
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Jimmy Carter Governor of Georgia Peanut farmer Campaigns as an outsider to Washington
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Killer rabbit
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Problems for Carter *as “outsider” can get little passed thru Congress
*High interest rates to slow economy and inflation – 20% *higher oil prices
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Carter’s approval rating at 26%
Lower than Nixon’s
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“Malaise” Speech Carter gives speech on TV -America has crisis of confidence -dial down thermostat -drive 55mph
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Foreign Policy Policy based on Human Rights instead of “selfish interests” *boycotts 1980 Olympics in Moscow to protest USSR invasion of Afghanistan
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Camp David Accords Carter has Menachem Begin and Anwar el Sadat come to Camp David to negotiate a treaty
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January 1979 the Shah of Iran flees his country
Control goes to the Ayatollah Khomeini who sets up an Islamic nation
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The Shah comes to the US for medical treatment
Days later an armed mob attacks the US embassy and takes US personnel hostage
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The hostages stay in Iran for 444 days, being released hours after Carter is no longer President
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Rise of the Sunbelt 1970’s saw a demographic shift to the South and Southwest especially Florida, Texas and California Midwest is called Rustbelt
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Sagebrush Rebellion *late 1970’s *opposition to environmental laws and restrictions on development *felt West was victim of government control
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Religious Revival *Evangelical Christianity
*Moral Majority Christian Coalition
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The New Right *Richard Viguerie *revival of the Goldwater wing of the Republican party *need of front man
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1980 election
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Reagan Coalition *corporate/finance *neo-conservatives *religious right *West *Boll weevils
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Supply side economic Or Reaganomics Trickle down theory
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Keys: *tax cuts *budget cuts *deregulation
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Increase in debt $901b t *entitlement programs *tax cut *military spending
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How to solve: *Can’t cut entitlements *won’t cut military *cut social programs Ketchup is now a vegi vegetable
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Foreign Policy *Soviets – ‘The Evil Empire’ *Reagan Doctrine – will help anyone opposed by communism
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Election of 1984 Democrats nominate former VP Walter Mondale Geraldine Ferraro nominated as VP
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525 13
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Strategic Defense Initiative
*SDI *Outer space protection against enemy attack
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Nicaragua *US supported leader overthrown by socialist group the Sandinistas *US supports Contras
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Contras
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Invasion of Grenada
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Changes in Soviet Union
Pressure within the Eastern Bloc – Solidarity Afghanistan
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1989 Eastern Europe breaks away from USSR
1991 Soviet Union collapses
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Reagan at the Wall
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Reagan orders air strikes against Libya in retaliation for Khadfi’s support of terrorism
Line of Death
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Problems: *EPA officials resign-fail to enforce regulations *CIA & Defense officials resign over insider trading
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Attorney General Ed Meese resigns over questionable finances
Labor Secretary resigns-indicted on Racketeering charges
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*Savings & Loan Scandal
*Iran/Contra – Arms for Hostages
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Election of 1988
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George H.W. Bush J. Danforth Quayle
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Michael Dukakis
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“read my lips, no new taxes”
Presidency of H.W. Bush *Panama – Noriega *Poor economy “read my lips, no new taxes” *Operation Desert Storm
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8 days
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William Jefferson Clinton
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Bush Clinton Perot 38% 43% 19%
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Problems for Clinton *Whitewater *Travelgate *Monica
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Achievements for Clinton
*NAFTA *Reduces debt/balances budget *Attempts Health Care *Peace keepers in Serbia & Somalia
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Newt Gingrich
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Contract for America *Welfare reform *term limits *balance budget amendment *tough crime laws
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Social Trends Civil Rights and Great Society: Creates more opportunities Greater sense of despair for those who can’t make it
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Opportunities: *350% increase in Black is college (12% of college pop.) *Increase in Black professionals *Rise of Black Middleclass
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As successful Blacks move to Burbs, Innercities left with only poor
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By 1980’s 33% live in poverty Young Black males: <50% graduate >60% unemployment
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Increase in the number of single parent homes
% % 8 Days
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Rodney King 32 killed in rioting
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