1. What is a farm? Peter Vig Jensen Karsten Larsen from Statistics Denmark
Kiev April 2014

2. The standard of the European union, Eurostat
A farm is defined as a Technical and economic unit producing agricultural products.
Crops: Cereals, pulses, potatoes, beets, rape, cotton, tobacco, fodder crops, fruits, berries, flowers, permanent grass, Christmas trees.
Livestock: Horses, donkeys, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, poultries, rabbits, bees.
Not included, Fur animals, (e.g. minks, foxes), forestry, aqua culture, agricultural service.
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3. Location of the farm
Every farm must have a location defined as the municipality where the farmer has his livestock and grows his crops.
Problem: The crops could be grown in more than one municipality.
Two solutions: 1) Choose the municipality where the farm has its head quarter, (often where the family lives). 2) Choose the municipality where the biggest are of the farm is.
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4. Different types of farm
The most common case: One man farm defined as farms where: One man is the owner or tenant and he has the responsibility and the leadership of the farm. He often runs the farm together with his wife and children. If the farm is big he might have one or more non family workers. In many countries such farms are often small house hold plots.
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5. Different types of farm (continued)
Special farms 1) Two or more farmers work together in a partnership. 2) State or collective farms. (Kolkhoz). 3) Private companies. 4) Farms with livestock but no land. 5) Agro scientific research farms. 6) Common land farms: grassing areas being used by more than one farm. 7) Farms owned by religious socities, prisons, hospitals, homes for disabled persons, schools and military barracks.
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6. The farmer
All farms must have one and only one farmer. He is the person who has the responsibility and the leadership. Normally there is little doubt: The farmer is the owner or tenant.
Special or questionable cases: Husband and wife share the responsibility equally. A son or daughter of the farmer has practically taken over and leads the farm. Partnership farms where two or more farmers work together. In these cases: Choose the person with the biggest responsibility or the oldest. A farmer does not work on the farm but has hired a manager. (Rare case)..
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7. The farmer (continued)
State farms, companies and other non personal farms: Such farms should have one manager who is the leader.
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8. Exclusion of very small farms
In the farm structure statistics it is normal to exclude very small farms.
Criterion for excluding small farms: They should all in all contribute very little to the agricultural area and the livestock of the country.
EU rules: All farms of at least 1,0 hectares. A higher threshold could be chosen, say 3,0 hectares, if: Farms below the threshold have no more than 2 % of the agricultural area and no more than 2 % of the livestock units.
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9. Exclusion of very small farms (continued)
But farms fulfilling just one of these criteria should under all circumstances be included: a) At least 5,0 hectares of agricultural land b) At least 0,5 hectares with vegetables, fruits and berries c) At least 0,1 hectares with green house crops d) At least 0,5 hectares with tobacco, hops or cotton e) At least 10 cattle f) At least 20 sheep g) At least 20 goats h) At least 50 pigs i) At least 20 sows j) At least poultries
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