1. Figure 14.2 (Zumdahl) An acid-base (proton-transfer) reaction of an Acid HA with Water
Which two pairs of species are conjugates?
In each pair, which one is the acid? The base?
(How do you know?)
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2. Figure 14.3 (Zumdahl) The reaction of NH3 with HCl to form NH4+ and Cl-.
Which two pairs of species are conjugates?
In each pair, which one is the acid? The base?
(How do you know?)
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3. Figure 14.7 (Zumdahl) Two Water Molecules React to Form H3O+ and OH-
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4. Behavior of Acids of Different Strengths in Aqueous Solution (a) A Strong Acid (b) A Weak Acid
H3O+ A-
H3O+ A-
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5. Table 14.1 (Zumdahl) Various Ways to Describe Acid Strength
(i.e., a “negligible” base)
(i.e., a [“non-negligible”] base)
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6. Table 14.2 Values of Ka for Some Common Monoprotic Acids
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8. Fig. 16.12. Relative strength of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Note: Consistent with KaKb=Kw !
“Weak begets weak” Strong and weak are not opposites.
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9. Benzoic Acid
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10. A quick quiz on some acid-base related topics
[H3O+] = [OH-]
A neutral solution is one in which ___________
The pH scale goes from ____ to ____
pH + pOH = ____
Kw equals __________
< 0
>14
pKw (“14” only at T = 25C)
Depends on T!
T (C) Kw
0.114 x 10-14 10
0.185 x 10-14 24
1.00 x 10-14 25
1.01 x 10-14 40
2.92 x 10-14 60
9.61 x 10-14
6 M HCl (pH~ -0.8)
6 M NaOH (pH~ 14.8)
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11. Figure 14. 8 (Zumdahl) [Compare to Figure 16
Figure 14.8 (Zumdahl) [Compare to Figure 16.7 in Tro] The pH Scale and pH Values of Some Common Solutions/Mixtures
6 M NaOH
Technically, only at 25C!
6 M HCl
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12. Figure The Al(H2O)63+ ion
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13. Common Household Substances that Contain Acids and Bases
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14. The Label on a Bleach Bottle Warns of the Hazards of Mixing Cleaning Solutions
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15. An Antacid Containing Aluminum and Magnesium Hydroxides
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16. Table 14.3 Values of Kb for Some Common Weak Bases
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18. Table Qualitative Prediction of pH for Solutions of Salts for Which both Cation and Anion Have Acidic or Basic Properties
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19. Table 14.6 Acid-Base Properties of Various Types of Salts
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20. Table 14.7 Bond Strengths and Acid Strengths for Hydrogen Halides
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21. Table 14.9 Comparison of Electronegativity of X and Ka Value for a Series of Oxyacids
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22. Figure The Effect of the Number of Attached Oxygens on the O-H Bond in a Series of Chlorine Oxyacids
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23. Table 14.8 Several Series of Oxyacids and Their Ka Values
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24. Table 14.4 Stepwise dissociation Constants for Several Common Polyprotic Acids
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25. Table 14.10 Three Models for Acids and Bases
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