1. By Melissa, Chase, and Logan 1st Period
Period 6 Review
By Melissa, Chase, and Logan
1st Period

2. Science and the Environment

3. Technological Changes
Communication
New technologies helped to connect people more easily and get information overseas much more quickly than by boat
Telegrams
Telephone
Cell Phones (1973)
Computers (1946)
Vehicles
New vehicles made transportation much more efficient and fast
Cars

4. Scientific Theories & Revolutions
New scientific theories began began to appear during this time period:
Theory of Relativity
Quantum Mechanics
Big Bang Theory
Psychology
New agricultural revolutions:
The Green Revolution (early 1930s through late 1960s)
Brought introduced GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) and began using pesticides to keep bugs off of plants
Medical innovations:
New Vaccines and Medications to help cure and prevent diseases

5. Global Population Growth & Environmental Effects
Annual renewable fresh water has dropped dramatically with population growth
“We have consumed more resources in the last 50 years than the whole humanity before us” - Nova Australia
Clean

6. Diseases & Demographics
New diseases:
Diseases in Poverty:
Malaria - Predominant in Africa, parasite spread by mosquitos
Tuberculosis - Treatable bacterial disease, spread by coughing
Cholera - Bacterial disease spread by drinking unfiltered water
A majority of these disease can be prevented with vaccines
Disease Epidemics:
Influenza Epidemic (1918) - Infected ~500 million people (⅓ of the world’s population at the time) and killed ~20-50 million people -- Deadliest epidemic in history
HIV/AIDS - Autoimmune disease, predominant in Africa -- ~36.7 million people are infected
Ebola (2015) - Deadly virus that broke out in Africa and spread worldwide
Diseases due to Lifestyle Changes:
Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Alzheimer’s disease are all linked to obesity, which is becoming a problem in the modern era

7. Improved Military Technologies
New technologies were used for the first time in WWI:
Tanks
Machine Guns
Airplanes
Trench Warfare - Land warfare occupying fighting lines with trenches, protecting troops from arms fire
In WWII, more new technologies were invented, some being more deadly than the predecessors:
Atomic Bombs
Firebombing - Bombing technique designed to damage a target through the use of fire, rather than the blast effect of large bombs

8. Global Conflicts and Their Consequences

9. Downfall of Empires
Internal and external factors caused the downfall of older empires at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Examples of empires - Ottoman empire, Russian and Qing.
Examples of factors - Economic hardship political discontent, technological stagnation as well as military defeats.
Colonies want independence
Some negotiate (India) while others gain independence through wars and uprisings (Algeria and Vietnam from France)
Nationalist leaders from Asia and Africa (Gandhi, Kwame Nkrumah,first president of Ghana), regional religious and ethnic movements (Muhammad Ali Jinnah) transnational movements. (Communism, Pan-Arabism, Pan-Africanism)
Populations resettle as a result of colonial boundaries. Formal colonial subjects migrate.

10. Global Conflicts & Wars
Total War
World War I ( )
Alliance system failed, dragging in many reluctant nations into the war
Assassination of Archduke of Austria
Was a global war that originated in Europe, it had over 70 million military personnel including 60 million Europeans. Over 16 million combatants/civilians died, it paved way for major political changes which led to WWII.
The war drew in all world’s great economic powers, which were assembled into two separate alliances the Axis and the Allies. The Axis/Central Powers consisted of Austria Hungary and Germany. The Allies consisted of the Russians, the French, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, as well as the United states.

11. Global Conflicts and wars Cont.
World War II ( )
Events leading up to the war:
Great depression ( ) - Worst economic downturn in history, began with the stock market crash in spread due to international loans between the USA & other countries
Fascist Leaders - Radical leaders of an authoritarian nationalist government, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and control of industry and commerce
Japanese militarism - Ideology in the Japanese Empire that militarism should dominate the political and social life of the nation -- strength of the military = strength of the nation
WWII was the most widespread war in the world, it had over 100 million different people from 30 different countries. It had the biggest mass genocide in the world called the Holocaust killing over 11 million in gas chambers. It also included the nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasagi, which had million fatalities. Over 60 million were killed in WWII.

12. Global Conflicts & Wars cont.
Cold War ( )
The Cold War was a state of political and military tension after WWII between powers in the Western Bloc (The US and NATO allies) and the Eastern Bloc (Soviets and Satellite states)
Nuclear standstill both sides waiting to see who would strike first
End of the war - in late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics. Quickly the Iron Curtain was lifted and the Cold war ended.
Korean War ( )
Began when Communist North Korea invaded Democratic South Korea
South backed by the United States, North by Soviet Union & China
Some consider it part of the Cold War
No official peace treaty signed
DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) put in place

13. Global Conflicts & Wars cont.
Vietnamese War ( )
Fought between Chinese-backed Communist North Vietnam and UN-backed Democratic South Vietnam
Agent Orange chemical used in the Vietnamese War
Agent Orange is a herbicide and defoliant chemical, has damaging environmental effects and health effects
North Vietnam wins the war when the United Nations pulls troops out of Vietnam

14. International Organizations
League of Nations ( )
Created after WWI to try and help resolve international issues.
The league proved to be too weak to prevent another world war since we had WWII.
The league lasted 26 years before it was proved to not work.
United Nations (1945-present)
Created after WWII to replace the League of Nations as the peacekeeping organization for the world.
Term coined in 1942,when 26 nations representatives pledged their governments to keep fighting together against the Axis powers.
Officially came into existence 24 October 1945, it had 51 original Member States.

15. New Conceptualizations of Global Economy, Society, and Culture

16. Global Economies Communist Economic Control in Soviet Union & China
Five Year Plan ( )
Soviet socialist economic program put in place by Stalin - set goals for industries and areas of production
Great Leap Forward (1958)
An economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China, led by Mao Zedong, aimed to transform the country from agrarian economy into a socialist society through industrialization.
Government Economic Intervention
New Deal
Series of domestic programs in the US between 1933 and Included both laws passed by congress and FDR.

17. Global Economies cont. Fascist Corporatist Economy
Fascism's theory of economic corporatism involved management of sectors of the economy by government- or privately controlled organizations.
Countries in Support of Free Enterprise Economy
United States - Ronald Reagan, former president
United Kingdom - Margaret Thatcher, former Prime Minister
China - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese revolutionary statesmen
Chile - Augusto Pinochet, former president

18. Society & Culture New Cultural Identities and Exclusionary Reactions
Negritude
Ideological philosophy - developed by francophone African intellectuals, writers and politicians in France during the 1930s.
Xenophobia
The fear of people from other countries
Race Riots
White on black race riots, battle for equality

19. Society & Culture cont. New forms of religion New Age Religions
New age is a term applied to a range of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices that developed in Western nations during the 1970s
Hare Krishna
A mystical sect of Hinduism. It is classified as a monotheistic form of Hinduism
Falun Gong
A Chinese spiritual practice that combines meditation and qigong exercises with a moral philosophy centered on the tenets of Truthfulness, Compassion, and Forbearance
Globalization of Popular/Consumer Culture
Football
Soccer
Fast and Furious
Interstellar

20. Society & Culture cont. Women’s Rights Racial Rights Women’s Suffrage
Women fight for the right to vote during the 20th century and are successful in many countries worldwide, including: Great Britain, the United States, and many Latin American countries
Equal Pay Act of 1963
United States passed the equal pay act which was supposed to make pay equal regardless of gender, however, there is still a wage gap, but it has definitely become much smaller
Racial Rights
South Africa ( )
Apartheid System
A political and social system put in place by a white minority in South Africa that segregated races by forcing the races to live apart from each other. This system was abolished in 1994 by Nelson Mandela

21. Kahoot Link: