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methods and simple tools e.g., abacus

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Presentation on theme: "methods and simple tools e.g., abacus"— Presentation transcript:

1 methods and simple tools e.g., abacus
-3000 now CALCULATION methods and simple tools e.g., abacus First calculating machines ~1650 electronic computing era 1940-now

2 mathematical logicians
merchants ARITHMETIC MACHINES now SLIDE RULES LOGIC engineers mathematical logicians

3 Newton, Leibniz calculus ~1680 US Army starts ENIAC 1940
DARPA starts MULTICS 1965 ARPANET 1967 Pascal calculator 1650 Newton, Leibniz calculus ~1680 US Army starts ENIAC 1940 now ARITHMETIC MACHINES SLIDE RULES LOGIC HP portable calculator 1972 Babbage difference engine 1820 Napier logarithm 1620 Shannon 1942 Boolean Algebra, 1948 information theory Babbage analytical engine 1840 Frege “Thought” 1880 Turing, Church, Gödel, Post computabillity 1936

4 Newton, Leibniz calculus ~1680
Pascal calculator 1650 Newton, Leibniz calculus ~1680 Newton Leibniz now ARITHMETIC MACHINES SLIDE RULES Napier logarithm 1650 Pascal Napier

5 ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES
Babbage difference engine 1820 Babbage analytical engine 1840 now ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES Babbage Difference Engine Lovelace

6 ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES
IBM Card machines 1920 Vannevar Bush differential analyzer 1930 US Army ENIAC 1940 DARPA MULTICS 1965 ARPANET 1967 now ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES Cloud 2005 HP portable calculator 1972 WWW 1993 Atanasoff 1937 Zuse 1936 Internet 1983

7 Vannevar Bush John Atanasoff Konrad Zuse

8 ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES
IBM Card machines 1924 Vannevar Bush differential analyzer 1930 US Army ENIAC 1940 DARPA MULTICS 1965 ARPANET 1967 now ARITHMETIC MACHINES & SLIDE RULES Alan Turing computable numbers 1936 Alan Turing artificial intelligence 1950 Alan Turing

9 Initial theories of computing 1936-1937
Alan Turing Alonzo Church Emil Post

10 First digital electronic computer 1946
J Mauchley J Presper Eckert Engineering, not theory, influenced design of computers

11 ENIAC

12 EDSAC Maurice Wilkes

13 John Backus FORTRAN 1957 First scientific HL language RDML Grace Hopper COBOL 1958 First business language First compiler

14 Always a computer in the background
What is computer science? 1950 1970 1980 2000 now COMPUTER SCIENCE Phenomena surrounding computers Programming Automation Information processes artificial and natural Always a computer in the background

15 Phenomena surrounding computers
Allen Newell Alan Perlis Herbert Simon

16 Programming Donald Knuth Edsger Dijkstra

17 Automation Bruce Arden CP3O / R2D2

18 World Wide Web Tim Berners-Lee

19 Natural information processes
Ken Wilson David Baltimore

20 IBM Blue Gene Computer (250,000 cores)

21 Moore’s Law for transistors

22 Koomey’s law 2011

23 What’s in Computer Science
Technology view Principles view

24 Technology View (ACM 2013) Algorithms & complexity
Architecture & organization Computational science Discrete structures Graphics & visualization Human-computer interaction Information Assurance & security Information management Intelligent systems Network & communications Operating systems Platform based development Parallel & distributed computing Programming languages Software development fundamentals Software engineering Systems fundamentals Social & professional practice + 175 subtopics under these

25 Computational science
Principles View (Denning and Martell 2004) communication Algorithms Architecture Computational science Discrete structures Graphics HCI … design computation evaluation coordination recollection

26 Computing Domains – Where the Action is

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