1. Forces, Motion, and Energy
Physics Unit

2. MA Standard Physical Science
11. Explain and give examples of how the motion of an object can be described by its position, direction of motion, and speed.

3. FME 1.1 Measuring Motion
Speed: the distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel that distance.
S = D/T
average speed = total distance/total time

4. Velocity
the speed of an object in a direction

5. Acceleration the rate that velocity changes
including speed and/or direction
Circular motion has constant acceleration because direction constantly changes

6. 12. Graph and interpret distance vs. time graphs for constant speed.

7. MA Standard Physical Science
1. Differentiate between weight and mass, recognizing that weight is the amount of gravitational pull on an object.

8. 1.4 Gravity:A Force of Attraction
Gravity: a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses
Strength depends on mass and distance
Mass: the amount of matter in an object (kilograms or grams)

9. Law of Universal Gravitation
All objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force. The size of the force depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between the objects

10. Gravity increases as mass increases
Gravity decreases as distance increases

11. Weight the measure of gravitation force on an object
measured in Newtons (N)

12. MA Standard Physical Science
13. Differentiate between potential and kinetic energy. Identify situations where kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy and vice versa.

13. 5.1 What is energy
the ability to do work

14. Potential Energy: energy because of position
Gravitational energy=weight x height

15. Thermal Energy
kinetic energy due to random motion of particles

16. Chemical Energy ex. energy stored in food released as atoms rearrange
“chemical reactions”

17. Other forms of energy Electrical Energy Sound Energy Light Energy
Nuclear Energy

18. 5.2 Energy Conversions
Kinetic and Potential Energy

20. Elastic Potential Energy

21. Energy Conversion in Plants
Light E → Chemical E → Kinetic E
Thermal E
energy used for
processes in cells

22. Other useful energy conversions

23. 5.3 Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another
Most energy is lost through heat
(lowest form of energy)
ex. lightbulbs, cars,