1. Continued on next slide.

2. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
DF 01-1a
Answers:
1. Examples are hunger, thirst, and sleep. 
2. He is trying to finish his work by the deadline. 
3. Examples include stress, fatigue, and anger. 
4. cognitive needs, because they are internal, more complex and unobservable
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

3. EQ- Why Study Psychology?
Objective- I can Describe the range of topics that are covered in introduction to psychology and cite the goals and scientific basis of psychology
EQ- Why Study Psychology?
Agenda- August 30th, 2016
Bell Ringer
Intro Notes
Sponge Bob Case Study
Summarizer- Journal Logs

4. Define Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental process
Can involve both animal and human behaviors
When applied to humans, psychology covers everything that people think, feel, and do
The Greek letter “ psi”

5. Some psychologists believe that you should study only behavior that you can see, observe, or measure directly
Some psychologists believe that our thoughts, feelings, and fantasies are also important
What is the value in each of these?

6. Psychologists are interested in…
What is intelligence?
What motivates us to do certain things and not others?
How does the brain really function?
How do we think?
Why do we act in certain ways?
Where do thoughts come from?
Are we products of nature or nurture?
How do we learn?
What are emotions?

7. Avoiding False Conclusions
We all study people through observations within our daily interactions. Sometimes the conclusions we draw are not accurate because we are not systematic in our efforts.
The use of a systematic method of asking and answering questions about why people think, act, and feel as they do reduces the chances of coming to false conclusions
Why is this important?

9. four primary goals of Psychologists
To describe…
To explain…
To predict…
And to influence the behavior of people and animals
Psychologists seek to do four things as they go about their systematic and scientific study of humans and animals – describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior

10. Description
Describe or gather information about the behavior being studied
What’s going on?
What are some behaviors you think would be studied? How would those behaviors be described?

11. Explanation Explain why things are happening the way that they are.
Usually called psychological principles
Start as hypothesis (researcher’s prediction about what the results of a study are to be) and after much study, can become theories (proven explanations from a large number of experiments)

12. Prediction
Want to make a scientific guess as to what will happen based off of past experience
How will humans think or feel in various situations?

13. What do you think?
Hypothesis – What do you think will happen if I give a student $500 to sweep my floor?
What do you think will happen if you study every day?
How do you think a random student at PC would respond if they were given free tickets to a Justin Bieber concert?
Can we make a theory about either of these?
Can we predict what will happen if these scenarios happen again in the future?

14. Influence Psychologists seek to influence behavior in helpful ways
Some psychologists use basic science (research) with a long-term goal of finding out more about human or animal behavior
Some psychologists are more interested in using what we already know to help benefit others, which is an applied science

15. Examples
Studying infants to perceive visual patterns while watching SpongBob – basic or applied?
Toy makers have looked at past research and found out that babies that are read to earlier develop at a faster rater, therefore they want to make a toy that “reads” to babies – basic or applied?

16. Principles vs. Theories
Theory
Generally valid ideas about a topic
Agreed upon to be true/fact
Examples
Humans/animals need social interaction to fully develop and survive.
Humans/animals need to feel a sense of control over their environment to prosper.
A complex explanation based on the findings of experimental studies
Organize data
Predict future data
Contested, not proved to be true/fact
Examples
Personality theories
Developmental theories
How do we develop principles and theories?

17. 3) Research and Observations
The Scientific Method
A general approach to gathering information and answering questions so that errors and biases are minimized
Why is it important all psychologist follow the same general approach when doing research?
Although the scientific method is used to test and support many theories, many questions just cannot be answered.
1) Theories
2) Hypothesis
3) Research and Observations
Generate or refine…
Lead to…
Lead to…

19. Psychological Research
Basic Research
Applied Research
pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
Biological psychologists – explores links between mind and brain
Developmental psychologists – studies changing abilities from birth to death
Cognitive psychologists – experiments with how we perceive, think, and solve problems
Personality psychologists – investigates our persistent traits
Social psychologists – explores how we view and affect one another
scientific study that aims to solve problems
Research on the brain to help treat Alzheimer’s disease
Research on how to best solve problems with cognitive strategies
Clinical drug tests