1. Politics & ethics in governance
Hcpm workshop august 2017

2. What is ethics? A set of moral values Standards of conduct
A guiding philosophy
What is ethics?

3. terminology See pages 4 – 9 Difference between morals and values
Values linked to a belief system to differentiate right from wrong
Values
Core beliefs (that which is valuable)

4. Deontological Theory From the Greek word “deon” meaning “duty”
Deontologists believer people perform actions which have consequences
We have a duty to consider our actions and how they will affect others
Actions will either be right or wrong

5. Deontological Theory
Deontologists believe we have a duty to do certain things and a duty not to do other things
Deontologists are not concerned with what good may result from an action – they look at the action itself and ask is it right or wrong?

6. Deontological Theory Right and Good Right has to do with actions
Good has to do with outcomes
Deontologists feel that right is the only consideration

7. The problems with deontological theory
It is hard to make what you intend into a rule and then apply it to everyone
You don’t always know what is intended
Deontology ignores feelings and emotions
Consequences do matter

8. Categories of ethics
Normative ethics – the study of ethical action
The questions that arise when considering how we ought to act, morally speaking

9. Categories of ethics
Descriptive ethics – the study of people’s beliefs about morality

10. Categories of ethics
Meta-ethics – the study of the nature of ethical properties, statements, attitudes & judgments

11. Categories of ethics
Applied ethics – the study of particular issues that are matters of moral judgment

12. The public manager
Ethical and well trained public managers in most cases ensure well-functioning institutions and systems
Mancosa study guide pg 18

13. The public manager
Public managers need to know the basic principles and standards they are expected to apply to their work and where the boundaries of acceptable behaviour lie
Mancosa study guide pg 19

14. The tools Statement of core ethical standards – Code of Conduct
Legal framework – laws and regulations
Professional socialisation – training
Guidance and internal consultation - procedures

15. Guidance to public servants
Clear ethical standards 1
Ethical standards reflected in the legal framework 2
Ethical guidance available to all employees 3
Employees must be aware of their rights and duties when exposing wrongdoing 4

16. Ethical values in the public sector
Respect for democracy
Respect for people
Integrity
Stewardship
Excellence

17. Ethical values in the public sector
See examples on pages 28 and 29

18. Ethical values in legislation
Public Service Act & Regulations
Prevention & Combatting of Corrupt Activities Act
Prevention of Organised Crime Act
Protected Disclosures Act
Financial Intelligence Centre Act
Promotion of Administrative Justice Act
Public Finance Management Act

19. Ethical values in legislation
Impact of foreign laws
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (USA)
The FIFA example
Bribery Act (UK)
Allows prosecution of any person with links to UK regardless of where alleged crime occurred

20. Ethical conflict
Private financial interest sufficient to influence or appear to influence exercise of public duties
Overt or covert use of government position for private gain
See pages for examples of unethical behaviour

21. Code of ethics
Sets out the minimum standards of behaviour expected
Personal buy-in
Can make a condition of employment

22. Code of ethics Personal responsibility Compliance with the law
Relations with the public
Limitations
Avoid conflict of interest
Limit political activity
Financial conduct
Confidentiality
Use of public resources
Private purchases
Work environment

23. Politics, state, government & social order
Structure of a social order
Status groups
Values & norms
Power & authority
Spontaneous order
Social honour

24. State and government Immaterial & non-physical social object
The state
Government
Immaterial & non-physical social object
Organised political community under one government
A group of people
Is representative of the State
Is the administrative bureaucracy that controls the State at a particular point in time

25. Question 3 – read pages 61-62 and 68-69 Question 4 – read pages 29-35
Assignment
Question 2 – read pages 18-21
Question 3 – read pages and 68-69
Question 4 – read pages 29-35