1. Present Reading / Homework
MODULE 2 – From Columns to Domes
Introduction to structural shapes
Present Reading / Homework
1. “American Pavilion” – EXPO 67, Montreal.

2. MODULE 2 – From Columns to Domes • Recap last week + quiz
This Week’s Agenda:
MODULE 2 – From Columns to Domes
• Recap last week + quiz
Introduction to structural shapes
MODULE 3 - Prehistory & First Civilizations
Stone Age
Indus Valley
Mesopotamia
Egypt – video discussion
China
Recap
“The mother art is architecture. Without an architecture of our own we have no soul of our own civilization.” - Frank Lloyd Wright
( )

3. Tell me about the big picture of this course?
Recap – last week
Tell me about the big picture of
this course?
What do we mean by “Shape?”
What do we mean by “Technology?”
What do we mean by “Culture?”
We will be looking at buildings
From Prehistory to Modernism
Where is this Neolithic-era structure located?
Skara Brae, Scotland
3180 BCE–2500 BCE, Neolithic Period.
Villa Savoye by Le Corbusier
Poissy, France
Shape = what does it looks like?
Technology = how is it built?
Culture = what is around it, why was it built?
Who was the architect of this building?

4. QUIZ Open Slate and click on the QUIZ tab. Click on QUIZ #1.
You have 5 minutes to complete the quiz.
NO TALKING PLEASE
GOOD LUCK!

5. What are we going to learn about today?
The basic structural shapes that we will discuss throughout the term.
The early beginnings of architecture around the world.
The first architecture of Canada.
“Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks together. There it begins.”
- Ludwig Mies van der Rohe ( ) 

6. MODULE 2 – From Columns to Domes
The goal of this module is to expand your architectural vocabulary
There are basic and not so basic structures that make up buildings
We will only be doing a QUICK overview of SOME structures, from the lens of Architectural History
You will learn MUCH more about structures in your Structures class
Remember last week:
Who remembers the name of this building?
Who remembers the name of the structural members that are holding it up?
There are basic and not so basic shapes that make up the buildings that we see around us.
The shapes have evolved and have built upon one another over time.
NAME: The Parthenon
STRUCTURAL MEMBERS: Columns + Beams

7. Introduction to Structural Shapes
Columns are under various pressures, but one of the most significant is compression
2. OCAD University, Sharp Centre for Design. Toronto. 2004, by Robbie/Young + Wright and Alsop Architects

8. Introduction to Structural Shapes
Simply supported beams are in tension and compression
They are often supported by columns or walls
The distance between its supports is called its SPAN

9. Introduction to Structural Shapes
Here are some beams in action, supported in this case by columns
The beams are supporting the roof structure
3. AaltoAlvari Aquatic Center in Jyväskylä, Finland. 1956, by Alvar Aalto.

10. Introduction to Structural Shapes
Trusses act in a similar way to beams, but can be lighter, have longer spans, and have very interesting shapes
4. Kansai Airport Terminal, Osaka, Japan. 1994, by Renzo Piano Architects

11. Introduction to Structural Shapes
The arch was built with stones as far back as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamia, however it was the Romans that truly mastered its form
5. A’sur, northern Mesopotamia. 3rd millennium BC
6. Pont du Gard, Roman Gaul (now the South of France.) 1st century AD

12. Introduction to Structural Shapes
The VAULT is an expanded arch
Basically, it creates a roof

13. Introduction to Structural Shapes
7. Dining Room, Auditorium Building Hotel, Chicago.
1889, by Adler and Sullivan

14. Introduction to Structural Shapes
The DOME exerts thrust (or pushes outward) in all directions
8. The Pantheon, Rome, Italy. AD , attributed to the emperor Hadrian.

15. RECAP
SOME of the main structural shapes that we will be learning about include:
the COLUMN
the BEAM
the TRUSS
the ARCH
the VAULT
the DOME
Feel free to have students draw the shapes on the board.
8. The Pantheon, Rome, Italy. AD , attributed to the emperor Hadrian.

16. In-class Activity In preparation for Assignment 1, let’s practice
COMPARING and CONTRASTING buildings.
In groups of 6, assign each person one of the
following structural shapes:
the COLUMN
the BEAM
the TRUSS
the ARCH
the VAULT
the DOME
NEXT: each student should find an image of a building that demonstrates the structural shape they’ve been assigned. (You can help each other out!)
THEN: as a group find three similarities and three differences amongst the buildings (Maybe each person can try to come up with one!)
AND: When your team is ready, show/tell your professor what you’ve found.
This should take about of 20 minutes.

17. Sources http://expolounge.blogspot.ca/2006/06/us-pavilion_30.html