1. Objectives
• Physical properties of minerals and mineral identification in hand specimens

2. Colors: Birth Stones Jan_garnet April_diamond Jul_ruby Oct_opal
Aug_peridot
Nov_citrine
Feb_amethyst
May_emerald
Sep_sapphire
Dec_blue topaz
Mar_aquamarine
Jun_pearl

3. Play of colors: Labradorite

4. Streak: The red planet

5. Alteration: Tiger’s eye, cat’s eye

6. Crystal form: Fluorite on quartz

7. Crystal form: MnCO3

8. Twinning: calcite (CaCO3)

9. State of Aggregate: stalagmites calcite

10. State of Aggregate: Botryoidal hematite

11. State of Aggregate: Bladed gypsum (CaSO4•2H2O)

12. Choncoidal fracture: obsidian, Volcanic silica glass, SiO2

13. Mohs hardness scale baby powder quartz in watch, decoration
highway pavement: calcite
diamond: engagement
corundum: industry cutting grinding
fluorite: tooth paste
Gypsum:
- sulfate, with 2H2O
- plaster of paris, with 0.5H2O, calcined gypsum
- unlike
- sheetrock
- dry wall = two heavy paper + gypsum, also known as plasterboard or gypsum board
low thermal conductivity, feel warmer than a like crystal of quartz
mortar: a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement or lime, and water. applied as a paste and set hard. Portland cement is primarily made of limestone, certain clay minerals, and gypsum.