1. Comparing the Spread of Industrialization
USA v Russia
Comparing the Spread of Industrialization

2. Similar Outcomes Industrialization Brings New Technologies
Sources of Energy
Leads to increased production
Directly contributes to urbanization

3. Social Influence Decreases for: Increases for: Aristocracy
Artisans
Peasants
Increases for:
Middle Class
Factory Workers

4. Other Similarities Women in the work force Received lower wages
Are discriminated against
Not allowed to join labor unions
Given a hard time for taking jobs from men

5. Other Similarities (Continued)
Trade Unions and Socialist Movements
Social conflict in industrial societies

6. Factors leading to differences
Pace and timing of Industrialization
Size of major industries
Role of the State (Government)
Political expression of social conflict

7. Alexis de Tocqueville
“The Anglo-American relies upon interest to accomplish his ends and gives free scope to the unguided strength and common sense of the people; the Russian centers all the authority of society in a single arm... Their starting point is different and their courses are not the same; yet each of them seems marked out by the will of Heaven to sway destinies of half the globe.” (Early 1800’s)

8. USA Start: Textile Industry in New England (1820’s) Factors of Growth:
Natural Resources
Domestic Market
Political Stability

9. Role of the U.S. Government
Provides tax breaks to entrepreneurs
Provides grants of public land to promote railroad construction
Laws benefit corporations
No direct control over industry

10. U.S. Innovations in Industrialization
Mastered Mass Production
Interchangeable Parts
Assembly Line (Model T)
“I am going to democratize the automobile” - Henry Ford

11. Social Issues Class disputes stem from rioting over wages
Socialists don’t gain steam in the US because:
Unions are not political and society is diverse
Instead Progressives push for:
Wage and hours legislation
Better sanitation standards
Antitrust laws and Government involvement

12. Russia Early 1800’s Absolute Monarchy (Tsar Nicholas II)
No national Parliament
Most Russians are Serfs (similar to slaves)

13. Social Issues Huge gap separates Nobility and Serfs
Serfs are freed in 1861

14. Industrial Development
Begins in 1860’s (After end of Serfdom)
Focused on Railroads and Heavy Industry
Leads to a large middle class
They want a political voice due to harsh conditions and no legal recourse
Until 1897, 13-hour workdays