1. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this lesson you will be able to…
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

2. What makes a Just War? Can war ever be “Just”?
LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
What makes a
Just War?
Can war ever be
“Just”?
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

3. How might a Medieval person argue for a “Just War”?
LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Task: Once you are in and
Settled…
How might a Medieval person argue for a “Just War”?
How would that be
Different to the
Present day?
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

4. Hell, and also by avoiding it!
LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Medieval people were
obsessed by
Hell, and also by avoiding it!
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

5. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Say hello to…Augustine of Hippo!
- Generally considered one of the
greatest Christian theologians.
-One of the first to assert that a Christian
could be a soldier and serve God and
country honourably.
He claimed that, while individuals should
not resort immediately to violence,
God has given the sword to
government for good reason
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

6. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

7. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Role of Alexios I
Threat of Pagans.
Persecution of Christians.
History of Mercenaries
Jerusalem! (of course)
Key messages in his speech
Spiritually rewarding Pilgrimage.
War as a Christian Duty.
“Crusading as an act of love”
An indulgence that removes need for penitence.
- Heaven.
Urban II
Plans comprehensively.
Grand Council Clermont.
Choreography!
Travelled widely.
Used Church and noble networks.
What did Urban get out of it…
Investiture contest resolved.
Conquer Holy land for Rome.
Cement position above Princes and Kings.
Political status of Papacy and Rome.
Divert violence in Europe.
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

8. Task: Each group has been given a copy of Urban’s
LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Lets look at the speech itself…or should we say speeches…?!
Task: Each group has been given a copy of Urban’s
speech, can you identify the following…
A planned programme of activities across a wide area.
Celebrity with voice of authority.
Theatrical or dramatic events to grab attention.
Exploiting local links.
Appealing to powerful human emotions such as fear, guilt and happiness.
Exaggeration for effect.
Strong emblems or icons
Catchphrases!
Special offers to those listening.
Role of other well known figures.
Techniques for something to go “viral”.
CHALLENGE: What key word/idea is not mentioned?!
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

9. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Lets analyse these a little deeper.
Task: With your partner look again
At the part of the speech you
Have been given…
Look at who wrote it and when, can you find any evidence for this in the text?
Are there any parts that do not add up “Historically”.
- Is there anything the speech fails to mention?
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

10. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Would St Augustine have approved?
1. Last Resort
A just war can only be waged after all peaceful options are considered.
2. Legitimate Authority
A just war is waged by a legitimate authority.
3. Just Cause
A just war needs to be in response to a wrong suffered.
4. Probability of Success
In order for a war to be just, there must be a rational possibility of success.
5. Right Intention
The primary objective of a just war is to re-establish
peace .
6. Proportionality
The violence in a just war must be proportional to the casualties suffered.
7. Civilian Casualties
The use of force must distinguish between the militia and civilians.
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

11. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*

12. LO: To analyse the speech of Urban II at Clermont
Identify and explain Urban’s reasons for preaching a Crusade E-D.
Compare and contrast different source versions of his speech C-B.
Evaluate the sources provided for their usefulness and context A-A*