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ARCH 202 History of Architecture

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Presentation on theme: "ARCH 202 History of Architecture"— Presentation transcript:

1 ARCH 202 History of Architecture
Lecture Week 7 Part 1 of 2

2 Greek Architecture

3 Crete First Cities 1900 BC, Most destroyed
By volcanoes 1625 BC. Knossos – Largest. Survived until 1375 BC. Destroyed by volcano also. Palace remains are under restoration. Social system was similar to feudal system Minotaur – legend of Minotaur comes from King Minos of Crete Atlantis – Legend of Atlantis has been attributed to Crete.

4 Layout is functional and organic in
growth Not Symmetrical or planned Granaries, Industrial uses below Living Areas above Arranged around courtyards Designed to allow air circulation Elaborate drainage and sanitation Provisions Piano Nobile had main residences and political functions

5 Tiryns and Mycenae Lion’s Gate at entry to each Prostyles and Megarons Greater and Lesser of each Cyclopean Walls – Homer’s Odyssey And the story of the Cyclops

6 Tombs or Tholoi Treasury of Atreus BC - circular plan with Corbelled dome roof. Long Dromos leading to Tomb proper. Remains of metallic decoration on walls Strips of colored stone used Illiad Tomb of Agamemnon Homer’s Illiad

7 Greek Orders Doric Ionic Corinthian

8 Doric Order Beginnings in Wood Columns Thickest column type height is 4 -7 times width Always 20 flutes Simplest Capital: Abucus Echinus amulets Shaft No Base

9 Believed derived from influences in
Trading with eastern (Egyptian) cultures Thinner column type height is 9 – 10 times width More complex Capital: Volutes amulets Shaft Has Base The Ionic Order

10

11 Corinthian Order Later in Greek culture – use was more limited than Doric and Ionian Believed derived from influences in Trading with eastern (Egyptian) cultures and from legend of sculptor Callimachus seeing the grave of a young woman – see B at left. Thinner column type height is 9 – 10 times width like Ionian More complex deeper Capital: Leaf arrangements amulets Shaft Has Base like Ionian columns

12 Temple elements: Propylae Prostyle Peristyle Pro Naos Naos with statue Opisthodomos

13 Entasis Secret of proportion in Greek Architecture Correcting for optical deceptions

14 Most famous Greek Temple
Located in Athens Destroyed by Turks in 1800’s Dedicated to Goddess Athena Hermes Artemis Aries Hera Zeus Apollo Hephaestus Athemis Poseidon

15 The Propylaea – Formal Entrance to the
Temple complex

16 The Parthenon – high point of
Greek Architecture

17

18 Caryatids Story behind

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