1. Section 26.1 Safety at Home and in Your Community Objectives
Describe five factors that can help you prevent unintentional injuries.
Identify unintentional injuries that commonly occur in the home.
Summarize ways to stay safe in natural disasters.
Explain how to protect yourself from crime.

2. Myth Accidents just happen. There’s nothing you can do to prevent them.
Fact Most “accidents” result from risky behaviors. They do not just happen. Many can be prevented by practicing safe behaviors or by removing hazards from the environment.
Do you think most people behave in ways to prevent injuries? Why or why not?

3. What Are Unintentional Injuries?
An unintentional injury is an unplanned injury.
Five factors that can help prevent unintentional injuries or lessen their damage are
awareness
knowledge
ability
state of mind
environmental conditions

4. Injuries in the Home
One third of all unintentional injuries occur in the home.
Common unintentional injuries that occur in the home are due to
falls
poisoning
suffocation
fires
electric shock
firearms
Unfortunately, many of these injuries happen to young children.

5. Falls
The main factor in avoiding falls is to consider environmental conditions.
Make sure stairways have nonslip treads and strong railings. Keep stairs and walkways uncluttered and well lit.
Make sure floors are not slippery, clear them of small objects, and anchor all carpets and rugs firmly.
Equip bathtubs and showers with grab bars and nonskid rubber mats.
Keep outdoor steps and sidewalks in good repair and free of ice, leaves, toys, and other obstacles.

6. Poisoning
Most poisoning incidents involve children under the age of five.
A local poison control center can tell you what household substances are poisonous and what to do in the event of a poisoning.
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is produced by vehicles and fuel-burning appliances.
If garages or appliances are not vented or functioning properly, carbon monoxide can build up and cause severe illness or even death.

7. Suffocation
When a person’s supply of air is cut off, the result is suffocation.
Suffocation can be caused by
choking when an object gets caught in the breathing passages
smothering
being trapped in an enclosed space
Suffocation can result in death.

9. Fires and Burns
Flammable materials catch fire easily and burn quickly.
If a small fire starts on the stove, put it out with a fire extinguisher.
Never use water on a grease fire.
If a small fire begins to get out of control, leave immediately and alert other residents to the danger.
If your home is on fire, leave immediately.
Once you are outside, do not go back in.
If a person catches fire, roll the person on the ground, in a rug, or in a heavy coat to cut off the air the fire needs.

11. Electric Shock Make sure that your home is properly wired.
Keep all home appliances in good repair.
Never try to repair an electric appliance when it is plugged in.
Death from direct contact with electricity is called electrocution (ih lek truh KYOO shun).
Place safety covers over unused electrical outlets.
Never use appliances when you are wet or near water.

12. Firearms
Each year more than 500 people are unintentionally killed in the home by firearms.
To prevent unintentional injuries and deaths, firearms should be kept unloaded and locked in a place where children cannot reach them.
Ammunition should be locked in a separate place.
Do not handle firearms if you have not been trained in their use.

13. Natural Disasters
Earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, blizzards, and many forest fires are examples of natural disasters.
If a disaster occurs in your area, follow the instructions given over the emergency broadcast system on your radio or television.

14. Earthquakes
An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the ground caused by the movement of rock beneath Earth’s surface.
If you are indoors during an earthquake
stand under the frame of an interior door or crawl under a table or desk
stay away from windows, glass doors, heavy hanging objects, or furniture that might tip over
If you are outside, stay in the open, away from buildings, walls, and electrical wires.

15. Tornadoes
A tornado is a rapidly rotating column of air whirling at speeds of up to 500 miles per hour.
If you are caught outdoors during a tornado, move away from the tornado at right angles to its path.
If the tornado is too close for you to escape, find shelter or lie flat in a low place in the ground.
If you are at home, go to the lowest floor of your home.

16. Hurricanes
A hurricane is a powerful storm characterized by heavy rains and winds over 74 miles per hour.
If you hear that a hurricane is coming, place tape across windows and board them up.
Anchor or bring inside any furniture or other items outside your home.
Hurricane-force winds can knock down power lines. Avoid contact with downed power lines.
If local authorities tell you to evacuate, seek shelter elsewhere.

18. For: More on hurricanes
Click above to go online.

19. Floods In the event of any flood
you should turn off your home’s water, gas, and electricity
move your belongings to the highest floor before leaving home
discard any liquids or foods touched by floodwaters
drink bottled water

20. Blizzards
A blizzard is defined as a heavy snowstorm, with winds of at least 35 miles per hour, that lasts for three hours or more.
These conditions usually result in very low visibility.
Generally, the safest place to be during a blizzard is inside your home or other warm shelter.

21. Forest Fires
Fire often serves an important “clean up” role in forests.
But when fires spread near human communities, they can be very dangerous.
It is important to pay attention to local authorities when they tell you to evacuate an area at risk for fire.

22. Internet Safety The Internet can be a valuable resource for all kinds
of information. Unfortunately, it can sometimes
prove to be a dangerous place. Use this questionnaire
to determine if you protect yourself adequately
on the Internet.

23. Do you refuse to give out personal information, such as your address, phone number, or photos, on the Internet?
Do you refuse to meet face-to-face with anyone you have met on the Internet?
Do you send messages only to people you already know?
Do you stay away from sites that try to convince you to join or give money to questionable organizations?
Do you sign off if you feel uncomfortable in a chat room?
“Yes” answers indicate wise practices for protecting yourself on the Internet.

24. Internet Safety
Create a 30-second public service announcement about Internet safety for teens. Use a slogan or music to get your message across.

25. Protecting Yourself From Crime
An assault is an unlawful attempt or threat to harm someone.
An assault can lead to intentional injuries or death.

26. Rape and Stalking
Rape means that one person forces another to have sexual relations.
Most rapes are acquaintance rapes—rapes carried out by someone the victim knows.
Always let a family member or friend know where you are going and when you will return home.
A stalker is someone who makes repeated, unwanted contact with a person and may threaten to kill or injure the person.
If you are stalked, notify the police.

28. Avoiding Risky Situations
You can prevent assault or reduce the likelihood of injury by following certain safety guidelines. The most basic guideline is to avoid risky situations.
Lock all doors and windows when you are home alone.
Do not keep keys in an obvious place, such as under a doormat.
Avoid deserted places, such as dark streets, parks, and garages.
Stay away from dark doorways and hedges where an attacker could hide.
When driving, keep the car doors locked.

29. Avoiding Risky Situations
You can prevent assault or reduce the likelihood of injury by following certain safety guidelines. The most basic guideline is to avoid risky situations.
Do not hitchhike or pick up hitchhikers.
If your car breaks down, pull over, raise your hood, and turn on your emergency flashers. If a stranger stops to help, do not unlock your car door. Just ask the person to call the police.
If someone tries to rob you, give up your possessions.
If you see a crime in progress, call the police immediately. Do not try to intervene.

30. Vocabulary unintentional injury An unplanned injury.
flammable material
Any material that catches fire easily and burns quickly.
electrocution
Death from direct contact with electricity.
assault
An unlawful attempt or threat to harm someone.
rape
A type of assault in which one person forces another to have sexual relations.
stalker
Someone who repeatedly makes unwanted contact with a person and may threaten to kill or injure the person.

31. Section 26.2 Safety at Work and Play Objectives
Describe how occupational injuries and illnesses can be prevented.
Summarize the four basic guidelines for recreational safety.

32. I ____ bring plenty of drinking water when I go hiking or camping.
Quick Quiz Complete each of these statements with always, sometimes, or never.
I ____ bring plenty of drinking water when I go hiking or camping.
I ____ wear a personal flotation device when participating in water sports.
I ____ wear appropriate protective gear when playing sports.
I ____ wear a helmet when skateboarding or riding a bicycle.
For each of your responses, predict how your behavior may affect your risk of injury.
Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz.

33. Occupational Safety
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the federal agency that identifies workplace hazards and sets standards for safety.
OSHA defines an occupational injury as any wound or damage to the body that results from an event in the work environment.
OSHA defines an occupational illness as any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to the work environment.
Many occupational injuries and illnesses can either be prevented or made less serious by removing potential hazards from the workplace.

34. Teen Workers About 70 teens die each year from occupational injuries.
It is the responsibility of your employer to keep your workplace as safe as possible and to inform you of any on-the-job hazards.
It is your responsibility to be well rested and alert, to be sober, and to follow all safety procedures.

35. Farm Safety
Farm jobs have the highest rate of injuries and deaths of all types of teen employment.
If you have to drive a truck or tractor, be sure that someone teaches you how it works and how to stop it and turn it off.
Never drive a vehicle or operate a piece of machinery if you are not comfortable doing so.
Never operate equipment under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.
If you work around animals, approach them so that they can see you.
Avoid direct contact with pesticides and other chemicals.
Dress appropriately for farm work.
Wear goggles and earplugs to protect your eyes and ears.

37. Recreational Safety
Whatever recreational activities you enjoy, you should follow four basic safety guidelines.
Learn and apply the proper skills.
Have appropriate, well-maintained equipment.
Know the safety rules specific to the activity.
Prepare adequately for the activity.

38. Safety When Hiking and Camping
Always let someone know where you are going and when you expect to return home.
Find out about any potential dangers, such as bears, ticks, or poisonous snakes and plants.
Take along a first-aid kit.
Check the weather forecast, and dress appropriately.
Wear sunscreen and a hat.
Be sure to take plenty of food and water.
Hike and camp only in approved areas.
Cook in a protected area so that sparks will not start a fire.

40. Water Safety
Take swimming lessons. Survival floating is a lifesaving technique that allows you to float and breathe without using much energy.
Never drink alcohol or use other drugs when you’re going to be swimming.
Never swim alone or in unsupervised areas.
Never dive into water of unknown depth.
Pay attention to beach warning flags.
Use only battery-powered radios around a pool or hot tub to prevent electrocution.
If you are on an ice-covered body of water and the ice starts to crack, immediately lie down and crawl to shore.
Active supervision means that you keep children in your view at all times when they are in or near the water.

42. Boating Safety Take a boating safety class.
Make sure that your boat or watercraft is in good repair.
Check the weather before you go out on the water.
Always wear a United States Coast Guard-approved personal flotation device (PFD).
Never drink alcohol or use other drugs.
If someone falls overboard, immediately toss a PFD and a towline to the person.
The overturning of a boat is called capsizing.
Keep the boat’s signal lights on between dusk and dawn, and use a whistle or horn to signal when visibility is poor.

43. For: Updates on water safety
Click above to go online.

44. Sports Safety Remember to stretch before and after you exercise.
The best way to prevent overuse injuries is to play several different sports, instead of specializing in just one.
Always wear protective gear when playing a contact sport.
Here are some other tips you should follow when participating in any sport
Drink lots of water to stay hydrated, even in cold weather.
Do not participate in a sport if you are ill.
Do not participate in a sport if you have been drinking or using drugs.

45. Bicycle and Recreational Vehicle Safety
Never ride under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.
Always wear appropriate clothing, a helmet, and other protective gear.
Never allow someone else to ride with you unless the vehicle is intended for two people.
Never ride while listening to headphones.
Keep constant watch for possible hazards in your path.
Never grab onto another moving vehicle.
Make sure the vehicle is in good repair and can be seen easily by other riders.

46. Safety Guidelines

47. Vocabulary occupational injury
Any wound or damage to the body that results from an event in the work environment.
occupational illness
Any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to the work environment.
survival floating
A technique that allows a person to float in the water and breathe without using much energy.
active supervision
Keeping children in your view at all times when they are in or near the water.
capsizing
The overturning of a boat.

48. Section 26.3 Motor Vehicle Safety Objectives
Identify the skills you need to be a safe driver.
List safety rules you should follow when riding in a school bus.

49. Health Stats What health trend does the graph reveal?
Describe the trend shown in the graph. Why do you think driver deaths are more common at certain ages than others?

50. Automobile Safety
Drivers between the ages of 15 and 24 are involved in more crashes than any other age group.
This is due to several factors, including a lack of driving experience and a tendency to take more risks.
You can be a safe driver, regardless of your age.
To be a safe driver, you need to practice good driving skills and know how to respond to risky situations.

51. Factors You Can Control
Take a course in driver education.
Never drive if you have been drinking alcohol or using drugs.
Always wear your seatbelt.
Minimize your distractions.
Follow the speed limit.
Follow the rules of the road.
Allow enough distance between you and the car in front of you so that you can stop suddenly without hitting it.
Avoid driving when you are tired, angry, or feeling stressed.
Always tell a family member or friend where you are going and when you plan to return home.
Never carry a flammable substance, such as extra gasoline, in the trunk of your car.

52. Keeping Your Vehicle Safe
Make sure that your brakes are working properly.
Make sure that all of your lights are working, including the brake lights.
Make sure that your tires are in good shape and appropriate for the climate you live in.
Make sure that your windshield wipers work properly.

53. For: Updates on motor vehicle safety
Click above to go online.

54. Factors Outside Your Control
The following guidelines can help you avoid a motor vehicle crash when driving under less-than-ideal conditions.
slow down
if visibility is low due to rain, fog, or snow, slow down
keep a greater distance between you and the car in front of you
Defensive driving means that you constantly monitor other drivers around you, and do not assume that they will do what you think they should do.
Defensive driving enables you to actively avoid hazardous situations.

55. Road Rage Allow others to merge, and do not tailgate.
Being inconsiderate to other drivers can spark road rage.
A driver with road rage uses his or her vehicle as a weapon.
Stay away from drivers you suspect might have road rage.
If you have a problem with road rage, seek help.

56. School Bus Safety
When riding in a school bus, there are rules you should follow to ensure everybody’s safety.
Stay seated at all times.
Do not hang any part of your body out of the windows.
Avoid fighting and arguing. Do not throw things.
If someone is bullying you, tell the driver.
Know where emergency exits are located.
Watch for cars when getting off the bus and crossing the street.

57. Vocabulary defensive driving
A driving technique in which you constantly monitor other drivers around you.
road rage
A dangerous condition in which a driver uses his or her vehicle as a weapon.