1. ENZYMES
Protein catalysts necessary to carry out metabolic reactions in living organisms

2. Enzymes are necessary to carry out metabolism in our bodies…
Release energy from glucose
Break down proteins, starches, fats…
Build new cells; repair damaged cells
Replicate DNA
Control cell division
Destroy foreign substances in our cells
Carry out protein synthesis

3. ENZYMES Proteins Biological catalysts
Speed up rate of metabolic reactions
Specific in their function
Not used up

4. TERMS TO KNOW CATALYST Substance that speeds up reactions
SUBSTRATE substance that enzyme works on
ACTIVE SITE where reaction takes place b/w enzyme & substrate
ACTIVATION ENERGY energy needed to start a rxn
LOCK & KEY model used to describe how an enzyme works… shows enzyme specificity

5. How Enzymes Work
Lower amount of activation energy needed to start reactions
Sometimes need a cofactor (Cu, Zn, Fe) or Coenzyme (A, B-12, C, D; vitamins) to work properly;
Can be altered by heat, radiation, electricity, pH, chemicals (changes the shape of the enzyme… enzyme said to be DENATURED)
Keep reactions at normal
Body temperature!

6. ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX