1. Comedic Elements
Applying to Poetry

2. What’s prose you ask?
The ordinary form of spoken or written language, without metrical structure, as distinguished from poetry or verse.
Similar to Prose
The same elements that are used to create comedy and humor in prose are often used in poetry to achieve the same effect
Parody
Irony
Hyperbole
Litotes
Figurative Language (simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration)
Rhyme and rhythm (Shakespeare did this very well)

3. Let’s look at a poem “Introduction to Poetry”
I ask them to take a poem and hold it up to the light like a color slide
or press an ear against its hive.
I say drop a mouse into a poem and watch him probe his way out,
or walk inside the poem's room and feel the walls for a light switch.
I want them to waterski across the surface of a poem waving at the author's name on the shore.
But all they want to do is tie the poem to a chair with rope and torture a confession out of it.
They begin beating it with a hose to find out what it really means.
Billy Collins
“Introduction to Poetry”
Look for elements from 1st slide
Figurative language: “like a color slide” “its hive”
No rhyme pattern – why? Fits with purpose of poem (why does a poem have to have a “real” meaning?)
Extended metaphor?
Hyperbole “beating it with a hose”

4. Limericks a form of comic verse consisting of five anapestic lines of which the first, second, and fifth have three metrical feet and rhyme together and the third and fourth have two metrical feet and rhyme together
There was a Young Lady whose chin Resembled the point of a pin: So she had it made sharp, And purchased a harp, And played several tunes with her chin. - Edward Lear
There was an old man in a tree Who was horribly bored by a bee When they said, "Does it buzz?" He replied, "Yes, it does! It's a regular brute of a bee!" Edward Lear 
Examples of overt humor - duh

5. Shakespeare? Funny? You bet your bard! Sonnet 130
My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:    And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare    As any she belied with false compare.
Have students identify “false comparisons” Ex. “eyes are nothing like the sun” in typical poetry would read “eyes as bright as the sun”
Identify tone in lines 1-12 – is there anything in those lines that the mistress might find pleasing?
Tone shift? Line 13 (signal – “and yet”)
What is the tone of the last two lines?
How important are truth and lies as subjects in the poem?

6. More Shakespeare… Sonnet 135
Whoever hath her wish, thou hast thy Will, And Will to boot, and Will in over-plus; More than enough am I that vexed thee still, To thy sweet will making addition thus. Wilt thou, whose will is large and spacious, Not once vouchsafe to hide my will in thine? Shall will in others seem right gracious, And in my will no fair acceptance shine? The sea, all water, yet receives rain still, And in abundance addeth to his store; So thou, being rich in Will, add to thy Will One will of mine, to make thy large will more.    Let no unkind, no fair beseechers kill;    Think all but one, and me in that one Will.
Highlights
Use of the word “will” – multiple possible meanings (Shakespeare, other lovers, etc.) - Pun (author’s name) – Elizabethan colloquial term for the male sex organ
Speaker is begging, pleading for the woman to accept him, either in love or in sex (can make a case for both options)

7. The Health Food Diner – Maya Angelou
Describe the speaker’s attitude(s) toward the restaurant? Prove it.
What aspects of this poem contribute to its humor?
Create a thesis statement in response to this prompt:
Explain how the poet uses poetic and literary elements to contribute to the overall tone and central message of the poem.
Handout with poem
Have them work together to answer the first two questions.
They should write the thesis on their own and share with a buddy when finished.

8. The Health Food Diner Share your thesis with a buddy.
Combine into one new and improved thesis statement.
Share with another pair and combine again.
Write your group’s thesis on the board.

9. More Fun Poetry “Did I Miss Anything?” by Tom Wayman
Read and take note of overall tone, how is the tone created?
“The Grammar Lesson” by Steve Kowit
What is the dominant literary technique used?
Why? What effect does it have on the reader?
Did I Miss Anything?
Overall tone is dry/sarcastic
Tone is created using the alternating “nothing” and “everything” – also the use of “I”, “we” and “you”
Rhetorical question towards the end
The Grammar Lesson
Dominant lit technique is repetition
Effect is confusion/frustration/annoyance (perhaps the way most people feel towards grammar?)