1. <month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Energy Saving protocol for Mesh networks]
Date Submitted: [Sept 2007]
Source: [Tae Rim Park*, Myung Lee*, Jaehong Ryu**]
Company [*CUNY, **ETRI]
Address [Electrical Engineering, Steinman Hall, 140th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031, USA]
Voice:[ ], FAX: [ ],
Re: []
Abstract: [This proposal discusses power saving issue arising in IEEE WPAN Mesh]
Purpose: [This proposal is provided for the discussion for IEEE WPAN Mesh]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

2. Energy Saving Protocol for Mesh Networks
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Energy Saving Protocol for Mesh Networks
Tae Rim Park, Myung J. Lee, Jaehong Ryu
CUNY, ETRI
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

3. <month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Objectives
To propose a power saving solution for the current IEEE draft.
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

4. Proposal Outline Design consideration
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Proposal Outline
Design consideration
Energy saving protocol for mesh networks
Concept
Detailed protocol
Evaluation
Summary
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

5. Long Battery Life Two AA batteries
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Long Battery Life
Two AA batteries
2000 mA-hr
Energy consumption of cc2420 (from datasheet)
Tx; 17.4 mA
Rx, Idle listening; 19.7 mA
Idle; 0.4 mA
Power down; 0.02mA
Trun on/Wakeup/active; Tx, Rx, Idle listening,
Trun off/Sleep/inactive; Idle
When a device turns on the transceiver w/o any other component (ex. 4Mhz Atmega128L:5.5mA, MSP430:2mA)
3~5 days
 Minimizing active time is the key!
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

6. Design Consideration Mesh layer solution based on IEEE 802.15.4-2006
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Design Consideration
Mesh layer solution based on IEEE
Supporting long battery life
Two AA batteries, 1year
Flexible active time
End-to-end latency constraint
Synchronous usually has longer latency
Considering receiver energy consumption
Tree relation
Easy implementation
Tae Rim Park

7. Mesh Layer Solution Control methods Timing problem Standard primitive
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Mesh Layer Solution
Control methods
Standard primitive
MCPS-DATA/PURGE
MLME-SET/GET
Can not use information inside MAC if it is not provided by MAC PIB
Can not add MAC control frames
Timing problem
Can not guarantee response time
Ex. The time from calling MCPS-DATA.request to starting backoff
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

8. ESM Overview Energy Saving protocol for Mesh networks Requirement
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
ESM Overview
Energy Saving protocol for Mesh networks
Requirement
Timer of 1ms resolution
Prompt cooperation of MAC
Features
Asynchronous wakeup
Receiver oriented
Communication are allowed within receiver’s active duration
Flexible active duration
Extensible
Schedule optimization
Local synchronization
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

9. ESM Unicast <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0000-00-0000
Sept 2007
ESM Unicast
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

10. ESM Broadcast Same as LPE and LPEA (known as XMAC) <month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
ESM Broadcast
Same as LPE and LPEA (known as XMAC)
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

11. ESM Details Three state machines for normal operation 3 control frames
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
ESM Details
Three state machines for normal operation
3 control frames
Two data transmission methods
Receiver oriented unicast
Transmitter oriented broadcast
Variable & constant
Higher layer decision
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

12. Three Normal State Machines
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Three Normal State Machines
Periodic events
Reception events
Transmission events
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

13. Variables and Constants
Sept 2007
Variables and Constants
MeshESMOn
meshBaseActiveDuration; 5ms
meshWakeupOrder (WO); 0~14
meshActiveOrder (AO); 0~14
meshDestActiveOrder
meshWRWaitTime
meshDataTimeout
Tae Rim Park

14. Command Frame Sub-type
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Command Frames
Wakeup Notification (0x0D)
macMinBE; 1, macMaxCsmaBackoffs; 0, macMaxFrameRetries; 0,
1 byte command payload
b7~b4; WO, b4~b0; AO
Extension REQuest (0x0B)
macMaxCsmaBackoffs; 0, macMaxFrameRetries; 0
Extension REPonse (0x0C)
Octets: 2
Variable (6) 1
Variable (1)
Frame Control
Routing Fields
Command Frame Sub-type
Command Payload
Mesh sublayer Header
Mesh sublayer Payload
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

15. Frame Transmission Data frame ESM command frame 15.5 command frame
Sept 2007
Frame Transmission
Data frame
ESM unicast; Retry control within receiver’s active time
ESM broadcast
ESM command frame
MAC broadcast
No retry if channel is busy
WN; backoff exponent (1)
15.5 command frame
ESM unicast or broadcast
MAC command frame
Beacon; no control
Beacon request; ESM broadcast
Association req, disassociate notification, orphan notification, coord realignment; ESM unicast
Data request, Association response; 15.4 unicast
Tae Rim Park

16. Association Active scan Association request
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Association
Active scan
Beacon request with ESM broadcast
One scan request for one channel
Association request
ESM unicast
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

17. <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-05-0000-00-0000 Sept 2007
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

18. ESM Evaluation Active ratio Star topology (emulating sink tree)
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
ESM Evaluation
Active ratio
Turn on time/time spent
Star topology (emulating sink tree)
Three transmitters and one receiver
Traffic
Unicast and broadcast
Data frame: 50 byte, EREQ/EREP: 27 bytes, WN: 28 bytes
Arrival rate: 0.01 to fr/s (100s to 13.3 min)
Exp
Micaz, Chipcon engine base
600~800s experiment time
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

19. <month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Analysis
rb=0
rb=
TminAD; minimum active duration tWI: wakeup interval r ; arrival rate TT; Time duration for transmission
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

20. Experiment Margin; 1~2 ms Active durations of LPE: LPEA: ESM = 6:10:8
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Experiment
rb=
rb=0
Margin; 1~2 ms
Active durations of LPE: LPEA: ESM = 6:10:8
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

21. Summary To get long battery life Mesh layer solution ESM
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Summary
To get long battery life
Minimizing active time
Accepting trade off relation
Mesh layer solution
With only standard primitives
Asynchronous algorithms is better to implement
ESM
Asyn and flexible frame work for sensor networks
15.5 addition & modification
Can be a good solution
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park

22. Asynchronous Protocols
<month year>
doc.: IEEE
Sept 2007
Asynchronous Protocols
LPE
(BMAC)
LPEA
(XMAC)
Tae Rim Park
Tae Rim Park