1. Enduring Understanding
Physics and Technology bridge human understanding of the world.

2. REVIEW OF MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLES

3. Measurement
finding the size or amount of some quantity, and expressing it as a number of defined units
When you measure, you compare a known amount, called a standard to an unknown amount.

4. Brief History of Measurement
Ancient people used objects such as ropes, stones and sticks to measure other objects
They also created units based on the human body parts such as arms, hands and feet

5. Brief History of Measurement
Old units used:
Cubit – distance from the man’s elbow to the tip of his middle finger
Palm- width of the person’s four fingers excluding the thumb

6. Brief History of Measurement
Old units used:
3. Uncia – width of the person’s thumb
4. Yard – based on the distance from the tip of the person’s nose to the tip of the middle finger

7. Brief History of Measurement
Ancient people used the king’s foot as the standard unit for buying, selling and trading

8. System of Units 1. SI System Modernized version of the metric system
Officially known as International System of Units
Fully developed in the Philippines under Batas Pambansa No. 8

9. System of Units 2. English System
First adopted in England and later became widely used in the United States
Also known as FPS System
Foot-pound-second
Other units are inch, yard, mile and horsepower

10. Fundamental Properties
Properties that cannot be described in simpler terms other than how they are measured

11. Fundamental Properties
Length
Meter
“m”
2. Mass
kilogram
“kg”
3. Time
Second
“s”

12. Fundamental Properties
4. Temperature
Kelvin
the triple point of water at  K (0.01 °C; 32.02 °F).
defined as 1/ of the difference between these two reference points.

13. Fundamental Properties
5. Amount of substance
Mole
amount of pure substance containing the same number of chemical units as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12 (i.e., X 1023)
an amount containing Avogadro's number of whatever units are being considered

14. Fundamental Properties
6. Electric Current
Ampere
 measure of the amount of electric charge passing a point in an electric circuit per unit time with 6.241 × 1018 electrons, or one coulomb per second constituting one ampere

15. Fundamental Properties
7. Luminous Intensity
Candela
 power emitted by a light source in a particular direction, weighted by the luminosity function (a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths)

16. Derived Quantities
Properties such as volume density, area, speed, etc. obtained from the combination of the fundamental quantities

17. Some Common SI and Derived units
1. Area
derived from the SI base unit meter

18. Some Common SI and Derived units
2. Volume
also derived from the SI base unit meter
3. Density
mass per unit volume

19. Some Common SI and Derived units
4. Force/Weight
units used to express force and weight

20. Some Common SI and Derived units
5. Temperature
The SI base unit is Kelvin but degree Celcius or centigrade is commonly used
6. Pressure
The SI unit is newton per square meter and officially called Pascal (Pa)

21. Some Common SI and Derived units
7. Energy
The SI unit is joule (J)
The ability to do work
8. Power
The rate of doing work
The SI unit is Watt(W) or Joule per second

22. Conversion Equivalents
1. Mass
1kg = 1000g
= 2.2 lbs
1lb = 16 oz
= 454 g
1ton = 2000 lbs

23. Conversion Equivalents
2. Length
1km = 1000 m
1 in = cm
1m = ft
= in
1mi = km
= ft
1 yd = 3ft; 36 in; 0.5 fathom

24. Conversion Equivalents
3. Volume
2 tablespoons = 1 ounce = 1/8 cup
8 ounces (16 tablespoons) = 1 cup
2 cups = 1 pint = 16 ounces
2 pints = 1 quart = 4 cups = 32 ounces
4 quarts = 1 gallon = 16 cups = 128 ounces
1 L = 1000 cm3 = 1000 ml
since 1 ml = 1cm3

25. Conversion Equivalents
4. Pressure
1 atm = mmHg
= torr
= Pa
= kPa
= psi
= bar

26. Conversion Equivalents
5. Power
1 kw = w
1 hp = w
= lb ft / s

27. Conversion Equivalents
6. Energy
1 kJ = J
1 cal = J
1kcal = cal
= Cal

28. Greek Prefixes Equivalents
Deca da
Hecto h 102
Kilo k
Mega M
Giga G
Tera T
Peta P
Exa E
Zetta Z
Yotta Y

29. Greek Prefixes Equivalents
Deci d
Centi c
Milli m
Micro um
Nano n
Pico p
Femto f
Atto a
Zepto z
Yocto y

30. Reflection: Lk.6:38
“Give and gifts will be given to you; a good measure, packed together,shaken down, and over flowing, will be poured into your lap. For the measure with which you measure will in return be measured out to you.”

31. Sample Problems: Convert the following quantities (from SI to English)
a. 245 m to in
b. 75 cm to ft
c kg to lbs
d. 345 g to oz
e. 190 gal to qts.

32. Convert the following quantities (from English to SI)
a. 45 lbs to g
b. 75 0z to kg
c. 500 in to km
d. 579 ft to m
e. 145 mi to cm
25 gal to pints
25 ms to ns
180 lbs to kg

33. Convert the following quantities of energy, power and pressure
100 Pa to atm
345 J to cal
128.9 bar to psi
590 lb-ft/s to hp
990 psi to torr
345 w to hp
450 atm to psi

34. Sample conversion using prefixes
B. From Prefix to base unit
2 Mbytes to bytes
pm to m
500 Eg to g

35. Sample conversion using prefixes
C. From Prefix to Prefix
MPa to GPa
um to dam
TJ to mJ
Pg to Eg
hg to Mg

36. Sample Conversion of Quantities Made up of Two Units
Convert the following
a. 24 ft/s2 to m/s2
b. 500 km/hr2 to ft/s2
c. 75 in/s2 to km/hr2
d. 100 lb/ft3 to kg/m3
e kg/m3 to g/cm3

37. Diad Activity:
Convert the following units:
a mi/hr to in/min
b yd to cm
c km to mi
d m/min2 to ft/s2
e. 40 g/cm3 to lb/ft3

38. Group Activity:
Title: MARKET BRIGADE
Procedure:
Using the permanent groupings in the laboratory, go to the market near you and have a survey of the vendor’s weighing scale by comparing it with your one kilo mass. Compute the deficit in measurement if there is any:

39. Pattern of the Project: What to appear on the second page?
Meat section
1._______________________
2._______________________
3._______________________
4._______________________
5._______________________
Actual measurement:
Deficit:

40. Pattern of the Project:
B. Vegetable Section
1.______________________
2.______________________
3.______________________
4.______________________
5.______________________
Actual Measurement:
Deficit:

41. Pattern of the Project:
C. Fruit Section
1.______________________
2.______________________
3.______________________
4.______________________
5.______________________
Actual Measurement:
Deficit:

42. Pattern of the Project:
C. Seafood Section
1.____________________
2.____________________
3.____________________
4.____________________
5.____________________
Actual Section:
Deficit:

43. Questions:
1. As a responsible citizen, what plan of action will you do to encourage honesty among vendors?
2. How will you protect the consumers?

44. Reminders for Documentation:
Submit the written output 3 days after the giving of this task.
Use the pattern: font size/type: Arial, 12
Pictures are allowed to be attached on the last page.
Make your output as comprehensive as possible

45. Reminders for Documentation What to appear on the first page?
Market Brigade in Measurement
A Requirement in
Science and Technology IV (Physics)
Prepared by:
___________________
IV- St.Anthony
Presented to:

46. j. 4.506 km/hr3 to in/s3 Convert the following quantities:
a ft/s2 to mi/min2
b. 76 lb/ft3 to g/cm3
c MPa to EPa
d. 10 dag to fg
e. 56 ms to zs
f hm to Pm
g km/hr to in/min
h m/s to cm/day
782 lb/m3 to kg/cm3
j km/hr3 to in/s3

47. Quiz no. 3 in Measurement

48. Supply a comprehensive definition of the following terms:
1. Measurement
2. Derived quantities
3. Candela
4. Meter
5. English system
6. SI system
7. Kelvin
8. Fundamental quantities

49. Supply a comprehensive definition of the following terms:
9. Mole
10. Ampere

50. B. Perform the indicated operation:
Express the final unit in terms of “meter”
3.45 dm hm + 38 km
3.45 Em mm nm
50 fm am m
900 dam – 23 cm + 1 pm
700 hm + 1 Em – 20 Pm

51. B. Convert the following units
45 lb/ft3 to oz/in3
200 cm/s to km/min
500 kg/in3 to g/cm3
980 g/L to kg/ml
4 mi/s to cm/day