1. Introduction to Biology
Week 9

2. Agenda Turn in any work due, please LRC Quiz
Notes and questions, Chapter 22, 23, and 24
Virtual Labs
Homework

3. Pine Cones

4. Chapter 22: Being Organized and Steady
22.1 The Body’s Organization
Animal’s bodies are composed of specialized cells
Cells of the same type form a tissue
Organs are made of tissues, function depends on the tissue it contains

5. Group of organs with similar functions for the organ system
All the parts together form the organism
Cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism

6. Tissue types: Epithelial: cover body surfaces and line body cavities
Connective: binds and supports body parts
Muscular: moves the body
Nervous: receives stimuli and conducts nerve impulses

7. Epithelial Tissue- protection
Internal and external surfaces
Shapes:
Squamous- flattened
Cuboidal-cube
Columnar-rectangles/pillars

8. Psudostratified-looks layered
Make up glands
Constantly replacing the cells due to injury and use, but can become cancerous

9. Connective Tissue- Connect and Support
Binds organs together
Generally separate cells with a matrix (non cellular material) that can be solid to fluid
Loose fibrous tissue: below epithelial and connects tissue to other tissue; protects organs
Adipose (fat) under skin and around organs

10. Bone: most rigid connective tissue
Dense fibrous tissue: forms tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bones to bones)
Cartilage: ends of bone and ribs, in nose, and in respiratory passages
Bone: most rigid connective tissue

11. Blood: cells suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma
Transports oxygen and nutrients and removes wastes from cells
Distributes heat
Protect us from disease

12. Types of cells: Red: transport oxygen White: fight infection
Platelets: fragments of cells that help clotting

13. Muscular Tissue- movement
Three types:
Skeletal (voluntary): attached to bonds , have striated appearance
Cardiac: in the heart only
Smooth (visceral): found in walls of organs, contracts more slowly than skeletal

15. Nervous Tissue- Communication
Coordinates body parts and allows response to environment
Needs sensory input

16. Nerve cell is called a neuron, made of three parts:
Dendrites- conducts signals toward nerve body
Cell body- nucleus
Axon- transmits to other nerve cells
Neuroglia: cells that support and nourish neurons (make up large amount of brain)

17. 22.2 Organs and Organ Systems Transport Systems
Cardiovascular: blood, heart, blood vessels
Lymphatic: vessels, lymph, lymph nodes
Immune system: thymus, spleen, blood cells

18. Maintenance Systems Control Systems Respiratory: lungs, trachea
Urinary: kidneys, bladder
Digestive: teeth, liver, pancreas
Control Systems
Nervous: brain, spinal cord, nerves
Endocrine: glands (thyroid, adrenal)

19. Sensory/ Motor Systems
Integumentary: skin
Skeletal: bones
Muscular: muscles
Reproductive
Organs vary in males and females

20. 22.3 Homeostasis
Although exterior conditions change, internal conditions must stay within certain ranges
Homeostasis: constancy of the internal environment- sugar levels, temperature, fluid levels etc.

21. Body systems work together to maintain homeostasis
Primary method to keep homeostasis is called negative feedback, sensor detects a change and then there is a response to return system to normal

22. Questions and Labeling
Complete the questions on separate paper as needed.
Complete labeling on copied paper.

24. Homework
Don’t forget about your paper- see syllabus and rubric for instructions
Complete virtual labs
Read the remaining chapters in part VI

25. Paper Resources www.lirn.net/auth Patron ID: 33421
ProQuest or InfoTrac Search
Find a scientific paper that followed a scientific method (to analyze)

26. Answer these questions:
Was the problem addressed using the scientific method?
Identify the independent and dependent variables.
What were the results?
Were solutions found? If so, what were they?
What actions are needed? (what other research should be done?)

27. Paper should be about 2 pages APA style

28. Virtual Labs
Blood Pressure Muscle Stimulation Virtual Frog Dissection (need sound)