1. Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id
Clash of Paradigm
Onno W. Purbo

2. Disclaimer ..
I am a trained Engineer, not an economist, regulator nor a social scientist
I tend to simplify things & may be wrong
Some thought may be too extreme
Consider this as an on going research work

3. Acknowledgment .. Thank you to my friends:
Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Heru Nugroho, Michael Sunggiardi, Johar Alam, Agustinus Surandar, Judhi Prasetyo, Ase, Agustinus Sutandar, Judith, Didin, Sumaryo, etc ..
Who work hard to help the community.

4. Main Stream

5. Basic Assumption Technology Expensive Specialized Skilled
Licensed from Gov’t
Invest by Investors
Build by Vendor etc
Run by Operator
For user / customer

6. Indonesian Telecomm Act

7. Assumed Structured

8. License Requirement Licensed? From? Network Yes Minister Service
Reseller
No, Agreement w/ Operator -

9. Implanted Divide .. Operators vs. users. Investors vs. users.
Haves vs. the have not.
one close to regulator vs. common people.
one close to operator vs. common people.
one close to political leaders vs. common people.

10. Paradigm Shift? .. Or Clash?
Old
Technology Expensive
Specialized Skilled
Licensed from Gov’t
Invest by Investors
Build by Vendor etc
Run by Operator
For user
Future? …
Technology Cheaper
Technology Friendly
From the people
People Invest
People build
Run by People
For People

11. Major Obstacle ..
Old paradigm, i.e., only a licensed operator can run the network.
No room for community based infrastructure; with homebrew equipment, from people, by people, for people.
The bottom line is “money talk”.

12. Alternate Path ICT4D
Chaotic Infrastructure

13. Guerrilla Telco Warfare ..
Basic Strategies:
Community Education! Education! knowledge transfer, copyleft.
Go for many small but interconnected networks.
Self-finance, sustainable  independent community based telecommunication infrastructure.

14. Basic Philosophy

15. Filosofi Dasar

16. Knowledge Cycle

17. Basic Philosophy
Consumer Producer
Supply Based  Demand Based

18. Demand Creation

19. Cost

20. Impact

21. Stereotyping Communities

22. The Typical ICT Technology
Community
Radio

23. The Typical ICT Technology
Internet &
Computer

24. Some Real Examples

25. Community Broadcasting
Source
Basuki Suhardiman

26. Community Radio Network in Indonesia
Farmer’s Voice Radio Network (JRSP)
Fishermen’s Voice Radio Net (JRSN)
Worker Voice Radio Network
Ina’ Community Radio Net (JRKI)
West Java
Jakarta

27. Community Radio Policy
Build their Own Radio (FM)
Collect money together to build their radio
The Gov has released the act/regulation no 32 year 2002 for broadcasting
Community radio has been included
Only 3 channels allocated

28. Farmer’s Radio Network (JSRP)
Start on 1999
Mostly on West Java Region
Lead by Mrs. Ida Hidayat (shown in Fig. With Mr. Dadang owner of Radio Citra Utami FM Cianjur)
600 community radios
Using FM radio with
Height of antenna max 30 meter
Max power 100 watt ERP
Max bandwidth 350 Khz
Max 36 Km2 coverage area (6Kmx6Km)
Typical content
Information
Education
Entertainment

29. Comp. Lab. For Street Children
Source:
Donny BU

30. We do more .. Give free talks on Internet in schools
Currently schools on Internet
high schools in Indonesia
Mostly Self-Finance
Some support Vocational School Director MoE
Investment US$2000-US$4000/school
50 cents/student/month – RoI ~1 Year
Movement for WiFi City WAN for School in 5 Cities.
We are looking at million Indonesian Future Generation ICT Literate
Self-Finance

31. Community Based WiFi + VoIP Infrastructure

32. Simple Impact Assessment
Gov’t
Communities
CyberCafe
Few (?)
2000+
WiFi nodes
50+ (?)
2500+
ISP
1 (?)
120+
Internet Users
(?)
4-5 millions
Schools
1500+