1. E-cert (Digital Certificate)
电子证书 (電子證書)

2. On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.
Extracted from

3. What is it? An electronic file Considered as “electronic passport”
CA (Certificate Authority)
Issuing body in Hong Kong
Hong Kong Post (香港邮政)
HK$50/year

4. Digital Certificate file
Electronic file with extension “p12”
xxxxxx.p12
Consist of
Private key
Public key
Signature of the Certificate Authority

5. Functions Authentication Encryption Decryption
Verify the identity of someone
Encryption
Convert ordinary data into unreadable code
Decryption
Convert encrypted message to plaintext (the original message)

6. Other functions Digital Signature Prove the identity of the sender
The document has not been modified after it is signed
Non-repudiation
Sender cannot deny that he/she signed the document

7. E-banking two-factor authentication
In addition to account name and password

8. Problems of account name and password
Bad passwords
Birthday
Name of wife/husband/pets
Word from dictionary
Etc.
User wrote it down and stick it on the monitor
User tells others
Re-use passwords in different sites (with week security)

9. From Hongkong Post White memory stick
Memory stick + card reader
With your e-cert inside (done by Hong Kong Post)
Two programs inside
Hongkong Post smart card (not included this time)
With your e-cert inside
Password envelope
Digital signature is as good as a signature on a paper (legally binding)

10. From Hang Seng Bank Green Bank Card
Copy your e-cert to this card later

11. Look up someone’s public key
Personal e-Cert
A electronic file with extension “cer”
xxxxxx.cer

12. Liability Keep your password and Hong Kong post card in a safe place.
Report to Hong Kong post if you lose your e-cert.
Revoke the e-cert

13. Barriers to cashless society
Individuals
Need more training and education
Organizations
Need more technical support
Need more training and education for their staff
Need the infrastructure

14. Digital signatures Arguments with payments (between banks and Clients)
Better protection for client
Better protection for Banks / financial companies
Solution for Micropayment
Small amount of payment

15. Application with digital signatures
Many organizations received fake certificates from job applicants.
Difficult and time consuming to verify certificates
Universities will issue certificate (a file) with digital signature (of the universities) to 0

16. Other applications Banks Government Others Two factor authentications
Tax return (Inland Revenue Department)
Renew license
Others

17. Green Computing Reduce consumptions of resources
More environmental friendly
Examples
Less papers
Less heat
Reduce travelling
Teleconference

18. Reengineering
Rethinking or radical redesign of business process

19. Renew of car license (1st version)
Submit documents in one counter
Verify the documents
A long queue
Paid the Amount in another counter
Distribute the new license in another counter
Another long queue

20. problems At least two or three hours waiting time Overcrowded
Everyone stayed there for several hours
Air pollutions (people are allowed to smoke in the old days)
Noisy environment

21. Renew of car license (2st version)
Everything is done in one counter
Verify the document
Key in data
Accept payment
Print the new license
Benefits
Waiting time reduced
5 to 30 minutes

22. Renew of car license (3rd version)
Scan documents
Fill in the form online
Provide credit card numbers
Digitally signed the application (with e-cert)
Submit everything with Internet
New license will be sent by registered mail

23. Renew of car license (future version)
Scan documents
Fill in the form online
Provide credit card numbers
Digitally signed the application (with e-cert)
Submit everything with Internet
Electronic License will be sent to the applicant
With the digital signature of the government
With QR code?
Applicant can print a hard copy (if necessary)

24. E-cheque consumer accesses the merchant’s server and select goods
consumer sends electronic checks to the merchants. E-cert is used to encrypted and digitally sign the e-cheque.
merchants verify the consumer’s electronic signature.
merchants forward the e-cheque to the clearing house.
The clearing house works with banks and transfer money’s to merchants’ account.

26. What are the benefits?
Discuss in groups and present your answers