1. Classical Conditioning
More Principles of Learning

2. Long lasting change in behavior due to experience.
Learning
Long lasting change in behavior due to experience.

3. First-Order and Second-Order Conditioning
First Order Conditioning.
Bell + meat = salivation.
Bell = Salivation.
Second Order Conditioning
(After first order conditioning has occurred)
Light + Bell = Salivation.
Light = Salivation.

4. Learned Taste Aversions
When it comes to food being paired with sickness, the conditioning is incredible strong.
Even when food and sickness are hours apart.
Food must be salient (noticeable.)

5. Taste Aversions (cont.)
Psychologist John Garcia
Conducted a series of controlled experiments to demonstrate that taste aversions could be produced in laboratory rats.
Basic experiment:
Rats drank saccharin-flavored water (NS)
Few hours later, rats were drugged (US) producing gastrointestinal distress (UR)
After recovering from illness, rats refused to drink the saccharin-flavored water.

6. Garcia & Taste Aversions Outcomes
Experiment challenged basic principles of CC:
The conditioning only required a single pairing
The stimuli (NS & US) were separated by hours (not secs)
Research demonstrates that there are important biological constraints on conditioning