1. 1 Kidnap Analysis and Hostage Survival

2. 2 Major Philippe PACAUD Chief of the French Gendarmerie Afghanistan training cell -Abroad experience: -UNIPTF (Bjieljina District cdr) -UNMIK police (spoksman) -EUBAM Rafah (SMSO) -EULEX Kosovo (chief ops in Mitrovica) -ISAF ( POMLT/PAT cdr Kapisa) -MALI (Bamako C/P)

3. 3 LEARNING OBJECTIVES List methods to detect/avoid surveillance List Do and Dont during the capture phase List Do and Dont during the captivity phase List Do and Dont during the transfer List Do and Dont during the release phase List Do and Dont during an armed rescue List What to do in case of a successful evasion

4. A G E N D A 1 – KIDNAPPING GENERALITY 2 – KIDNAPPING PREVENTION 3 – KIDNAPPING PHASES DESCRIPTION

5. 1 – KIDNAPPING GENERALITY 11 – VALUE OF AN HOSTAGE RANSOM PROPAGANDA HUMAN SHIELD INFORMATION / INTELLIGENCE RELIGIOUS BELIEF POLITICAL CONCESSIONS TRADE FOR ALLIES BEING HELD CAPTIVE Etc.... 12 – WHEN DO HOSTAGES GET TAKEN AFTER SURVEILLANCE AND PLANNING AFTER A FAILED CRIMINAL ACT WRONG PLACE, WRONG TIME ANY TIME - ANYWHERE

6. 2 – KIDNAPPING PREVENTION 21 – TARGET SELECTION AND SURVEILLANCE TARGET GENERAL SECURITY AWARENESS TARGET RESIDENCE AND WORKPLACE TARGET TRANSPORTION MEANS TARGET ROUTES TO AND FROM PLACES THE TARGET FREQUENTS SOFT/HARD TARGET.

7. 22 – PREVENT SURVEILLANCE CHANGE DAILY ROUTINE TRY NOT TO ATTRACT ATTENTION Timings Routes Places BE CONFIDENT WITH YOUR AREA BE FAMILAR WITH WHAT IS NORMAL IN YOUR AREA BE AWARE OF SUPPORTING LOCAL PEOPLE Drivers Language assistant Guards

8. 23 – MEASURES TO REACT TO A SURVEILLANCE IN PUBLIC PLACE ON VEHICLE Change the speed and observe reaction At roudabout, drive twice around and observe Sudden stop and observe IN PUBLIC PLACE ON FOOT Use crowded area and chek for followers Sudden stop/Back and observe ONCE YOU SUSPECT OR HAVE A CONFIRMATION Run for a safe place Do not face the suspected threat Report back to HQ (duty officer, MSO, etc...)

9. 3 – KIDNAPPING PHASES 31 – The abduction Resist, Escape or Surrender ? Environmental factor Situational factor Personal factor Transportation: By different means Orientation Benaviour

10. YOUR REACTION TO ABDUCTION MAY INCLUDE Confusion Anger Fear SHOCK OF CAPTURE FIRST 48 HOURS ARE THE MOST DANGEROUS

11. 32 – DETENTION Captivity, living condition The detention site The organization Intimidation and Physical attack Food and Water Hygiene Rest

12. PRESSURES EXPERIENCED IN CAPTIVITY System induced: o Unaccustomed discipline o Enforced cooperation o Confinement o Isolation o Abuse, physical and mental o Lack of sleep o Poor diet o Dislocation of expectation Self induced o Fear o Loneliness and despair o Boredom o Mistrust DEPRESSION

13. YOUR GOAL IS TO SURVIVE Establish a rapport Humanize yourself Outwardly do not disagree Find a common bond Encourage them to appraciate you Pretend to understand your captors Adopt a passive acceptance Survive with dignity Maintain a passive control Outwardly be cooperative Consider to escape

14. SURVIVING CAPTIVITY SELF DISCIPLINE Hygiene Fitness Routine THINK ABOUT What to talk about What not to talk about Negociate (food, comfort, newspapers, etc....) REMAIN POSITIVE

15. SURVIVING CAPTIVITY THINGS TO DO Be the grey man, do not stand out Stay focused and in control of your action Adjust and Adapt If you are with mate: Work as a team: share responsability, protect team member Try to diffuse any difficult situations Gather information (important for further investigation after the release) Location: area, building, room, other details Captors: nupber, names, description, behaviour...etc... Weapons, equipment: type, condition, etc...

16. SURVIVING CAPTIVITY THINGS NOT TO DO Antagonize your captors Get involved in argument Compromise the others Do anything foolish or life threatening

17. 33 – THE TRANSFER (S) WHY ? Pressure Logistic difficulties Trade Release... HOW Car, trucks, foot... Hooding blindfolding

18. COULD BE OPPORTUNITY Escape Alert EFFECT Dislocation of expectation Re-start again Negative emotions

19. 33 – THE RELEASE PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO INSTRUCTION YOU MAY LEAVE COLLEAGUE BEHIND Recall attention Dont feel guilty Accept it DO AS YOU ARE TOLD CRITICAL PHASE They are loosing bargaining chip They feel exposed

20. 34 – ARMED RESCUE IF YOU HEAR GUNS FIRE OR EXPLOSION GO ON THE GROUND AND FREEZE HANDS VISIBLE DO NOT GET INVOLVED FOLLOW ORDERS AND INSTRUCTION

21. 35 – ESCAPE CHOICE TO RISK LIFE: Yours/others IF YOU SEE CONDITIONS / OPPORTUNITY MOVE FAST AND BE AGRESSIVE PUT DISTANCE IN BETWEEN BEFORE YOU STOP LISTEN – WATCH – REMAIN IN COVER AND DECIDE.... CAUTIOUS APPROACH TO PEOPLE

22. 36 – POST RELEASE - RESCUE INTENSIVE DEBRIEF MEDICAL TREATMENT PSHYCOLOGICAL ASPECT

23. 23 FINAL THOUGHTS PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR SECURITY SHOW THAT YOU ARE IN ALERT REDUCE THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOSTAGE TAKERS BE A HARD TARGET STAY ALIVE

24. 24 LEARNING OBJECTIVES List methods to detect/avoid surveillance List Do and Dont during the capture phase List Do and Dont during the captivity phase List Do and Dont during the transfer List Do and Dont during the release phase List Do and Dont during an armed rescue List What to do in case of a successful evasion

25. 25 DONT BE PARANOIAC QUESTIONS