1. ASIA Conflict & Change (Nationalism & Independence)
The History of Vietnam/Vietnam War
FSMS
Standard SS7H3.a

2. ASIA Nationalism & independence
SS7H3 – The student will analyze continuity and change in Southern and Eastern Asia leading to the 21st century. a. Describe how nationalism led to independence in India and Vietnam. d. Describe the impact of communism in China in terms of Mao Zedong, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square.

3. FIRST FIVE
Agenda Message: Pop-Quiz on Gandhi tomorrow! Today is the end of the third nine-week grading period.
Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam.
Essential Question for Wednesday: 3/14/18: What are three similarities between the independence movements of India & Vietnam?
Warm Up: Who was the independence leader in Vietnam?
Today We Will:
Start the Vietnam War

4. answers E.Q. Answer for Thursday 3/14/18:
Both India & Vietnam had independence leaders, Gandhi & Ho Chi Minh
Both leaders gained independence from European Colonialists. India from Great Britain & Vietnam from France
Both leaders started organizations. Gandhi stated the Indian National Congress & Ho Chi Minh started the Vietminh League (and the Indochinese Communist Party)
Warm-up Answer:
Ho Chi Mihn

5. FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: Gandhi Pop-Quiz is Today!
Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam.
Essential Question for Thursday: 3/15/18: What was the Domino Theory?
Warm Up: Who did the Vietnamese defeat in order to initially gain their independence?
Today We Will:
Gandhi Pop-Quiz
Vietnam War

6. answers E.Q. Answer for Thursday 3/15/18: Warm-up Answer:
The theory that if one country became Communist all the countries around it would become Communist, eventually leading to world Communist domination.
Warm-up Answer:
The Vietnamese led by Ho Chi Mihn first defeated France and later defeated the United States.

7. FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: 3rd Quarter Report Cards go home TODAY!.
Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the History of Indian & Vietnam.
Essential Question for Friday 3/16/18: What was the U.S. policy of “containment” with regard to Communism?
Warm Up: How did nationalism lead to independence in India and Vietnam?
Today We Will:
Make-up Gandhi Quiz
Finish history of Vietnam

8. ANSWERS
E.Q. Answer for Friday 3/16/18: The U.S. effort to prevent the spread of Communism. Warm-Up Answer: The desire to control their own destinies and governments was central to the people’s independence desires in both India and Vietnam.

9. ASIA Nationalism & independence
NATIONALISM The belief that people should have their own government and be in control of their own destinies. People that share common history, customs, origins, and sometime language or religion. People who share these characteristics often think of themselves as a nation.

10. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
VIETNAM From the early 1900s what is now Vietnam was a French colony and was known as French Indochina. Starting in 1930’s a young man, Ho Chi Minh, began to work for Vietnamese independence from the French.

11. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Minh organized an Indochinese Communist Party. When WWII began Ho Chi Minh hoped it would mean the end of French rule in his country. He helped to found a new group, the Vietminh League, a group that had Vietnamese independence as its goal.

12. GMAS
Explain how the concept of “Nationalism” effected Gandhi and Ho Chi Mihn in their desire for independence from European Colonial powers.

13. GMAS ANSWER
The concept of “Nationalism” was important to all oppressed people of the world who were controlled by foreign powers such as Great Britain in India and France in Vietnam. People ultimately desired the opportunity to govern themselves and control their own destines (futures).

14. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Unfortunately, when the war ended, the French moved to regain control of its colonial possession, which they still called French Indochina. For the next nine years, Ho Chi Minh and his Vietminh fought the French forces.

15. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Although the French were able to maintain control of most of the cities, particularly in the south, the people in the countryside worked with Ho Chi Minh. The Vietnamese wanted control of their own country, their own government, their own destiny.

16. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
In 1954 the French were defeated and Ho Chi Minh gained control. All parties to the conflict went to Geneva, Switzerland for a conference to end French involvement in Vietnam. At this Geneva Conference the U.S. became alarmed at the prospect of Ho Chi Minh ruling Vietnam.

17. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
The U.S. feared that a communist Vietnam would lead other countries in the area to become communist. This was known as the Domino Theory (if one country fell to communism, all the others around it would fall as well).

18. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
The U.S. used its influence to have Vietnam divided into two parts;
Ho Chi Minh was in charge of the north and
the U.S. was in control of the south.
The plan was to stabilize the country and then allow the people to vote on the type of government they wanted to have.

19. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Secretly the U.S. hoped to find someone they could put up as a democratic alternative to Ho Chi Minh, so the country could be reunited, as a democracy rather than the communist state planned by Ho Chi Minh. It soon became clear that any election held by the Vietnamese people would end with Ho Chi Minh and the communist winning. Therefore, the U. S. reneged on the agreement to hold open elections.

20. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
This decision infuriated the communist North Vietnamese and war quickly followed. The U.S. #1 concern in fighting the Vietnam War was stopping the spread of communism. This led to the U.S. policy of “Containment”. (Stopping the spread of Communism by containment to the countries where it currently existed)

21. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
As war broke out and years went by the Vietnamese people became more anxious to have independence. Many in the U.S. controlled South Vietnam sympathized with those of the north, seeing them as fellow countrymen rather than as the enemy.

22. GMAS
How did the “Domino Theory” lead to the U.S. policy of “Containment”?

23. GMAS ANSWER
The Domino Theory was the belief that if one country became Communist, all the surrounding countries would eventually become Communist. In order to prevent this from occurring, the U.S. developed the policy of “Containment” to stop the spread of Communism to only those countries who were Communist at the time.

24. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Feelings of nationalism among the Vietnamese people were more important than ideas about what political system they should have.
After many years of fighting and the loss of over 58,000 U.S. servicemen and woman's lives plus thousands more lives lost among the North & South Vietnamese the U.S. withdrew its forces from Vietnam in April 1975.

25. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Ho Chi Minh’s forces took over the country the very next day. His first steps were;
To unify the north and south
Into the Republic of Vietnam. (Communist government)
While the country remains communist today, most of the other countries in the region did not adopt a communist style government.

26. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Today Vietnam is a trading partner and ally of the United States. U.S. citizens regularly travel to Vietnam for business and pleasure. The Vietnam War Memorial in Washington, D.C. has the names of over 58,272 service men and women who lost their lives serving in the Vietnam War.

27. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Official United States involvement in the Vietnam War started;
November 1, 1955 thru April 30, 1975
Total time of war was 19 years, 6 months
Longest War in U.S. history

28. ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS
Vietnam’s official involvement in both wars;
December 19, 1946 thru August 1, 1954 for the 1st Indochina War versus France
The 2nd Indochina War versus the USA was 11/1/55 thru 4/30/75
Estimates of deaths and casualties over 1million
Total time of wars was 29 years, 5 months

29. GMAS
As the platform for the U.S. policy against Communism, did the “Domino Theory” accurately reflect what actually happened regarding the spread of Communism? Explain your answer.

30. GMAS ANSWER
In reality Communism lost its competition with Democracy. An excellent example is Vietnam. Although it is a Communist country and has been since 1975, none of the other countries in the region have accepted Communism. Although it can be argued that the reason Communism did not spread was due to the U.S. Policy of “Containment” supported by the Cold War (involving the U.S. and Western Europe).