1. What’s the Big Deal About Brain Atrophy and Neurodegeneration in RRMS?

3. Brain Atrophy/Neurodegeneration: A Neuropathologist Perspective

4. Brain Volume Change: Under Multiple Influences

5. Brain Atrophy/Neurodegeneration: A Clinical Perspective

6. Pathological Causes of Brain Atrophy in MS

7. Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in MS

8. Correlation Between Focal and Diffuse Pathological Changes

9. Detection of Brain Atrophy in MS Patients Using Imaging Techniques

10. Common Measures for Whole Brain and Regional Brain Atrophy

11. Brain Atrophy Is Related to Long-Term Disability in RRMS

12. GM and WM Volume Changes in Early RRMS

13. Pseudoatrophy After DMT Treatment

14. Effect of BRACE Therapies On Brain Volume Loss

15. Brain Volume Loss Outcomes: Results From the AFFIRM Trial

16. Alemtuzumab Brain Volume Loss Through Year 5

17. Teriflunomide Reduced Annual Brain Volume Loss Over 2 years in the TEMSO Study*

18. Reduction in PBVC With DMF: Significant in DEFINE But Not CONFIRM

19. ENDORSE Extension Trial Results

20. Fingolimod: Summary of Brain Volume Loss Data in FREEDOMS, FREEDOMS II, and TRANSFORMS

21. Sustained Reduction in Brain Volume Loss Over 4 Years

22. PREFERMS: Phase 4 Patient Outcomes on Fingolimod versus Platform Injectable DMTs

23. Contribution of Individual Components of NEDA-4 on Proportion of Patients Achieving NEDA

24. Predictive Value of NEDA for Disease Outcomes Over 6 Years

25. Types of Inflammation in MS

26. Evidence for Direct CNS Effects

27. Adding Brain Volume Loss to the Modified Rio Score System

28. Persistent MRI Lesion Activity and Brain Volume Loss as Predictors of Long-Term Disability Progression

29. Conclusions

30. Abbreviations

31. Abbreviations (cont)