1. Chapter 2.1 States of Matter
Chapter 2 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

2. How are states of matter defined?
The states of matter are defined not by whether or not they hold their volume and shape

3. Solids
A solid has a:
definite volume
definite shape

4. Particles in a Solid
The particles in a solid are packed very closely together
Each particle is tightly fixed in one position
Because the particles are packed tightly, they stay in a fixed position. This gives the solid a definite shape and volume.
The particles are not motionless! They vibrate back and forth slighting….similar to a person running in place

5. Types of Solids
Crystalline Solids-the particles in the solid form a regular repeating pattern made up of crystals
Example: salt, sugar, sand, snow
These solids have a distinct melting point, which is the temperature at which they melt.
Amorphous Solids-the particles are not arranged in a pattern.
Example: plastics, rubber, glass
These solids do not have a distinct melting point. Instead, when they are heated, they become softer and softer as the temperature rises.

6. Liquids
A liquid has a
Definite volume
No definite shape

7. Particles in a Liquid
The particles in a liquid are packed almost as closely as in a solid, however they can move around one another freely
Because the particles can move around freely, a liquid has no definite shape.
You can think of the particles in a liquid like people walking around at a crowded train platform.

8. Viscosity
Viscosity- the resistance of a liquid to flowing. Liquids with high viscosity flow slowly. Liquids with low viscosity flow quickly.
Ex. Honey has high viscosity
Ex. Vinegar has low viscosity

9. Gases
Gases have an
Indefinite shape
Indefinite volume

10. Particles of a Gas
Gas particles spread apart, filling all the space available to them

12. Vocabulary Solid Crystalline solid Melting point Amorphous solid
Liquid
Viscosity
gas

13. Questions
Describe the differences in particles in a solid, liquid and gas.
Glass is an amorphous solid. How can you use that information to help explain why a glassblower can bend and shape a piece of glass that has been heated?