1. Collecting & Graphing Data

2. Test tubes and Bunsen burners
With the person next to you in lab, decide who is going to be the test tube and who is going to be the Bunsen burner

3. Objectives
SPI 3210 Inq.3 Determine the appropriate tools to gather precise and accurate data
SPI 3210 Inq.4 Evaluate the accuracy and precision of data
SPI 3210.T/E.1 Distinguish among tools and procedures best suited to conduct a specified scientific inquiry
Enrichment Objective: Use significant digits when recording data in the lab

4. Valid & Reliable Data
Valid = It is a truthful and accurate representation of the real world. It measures what it is supposed to measure.
Is it void of bias?
Reliable = This means that a result is obtainable time and time again. It is reproducible.

5. A broken scale
Your bathroom scale is broken and adds 5 lbs to the weight it measures.
Is it valid?
Is it reliable?

6. Test Tubes
Explain to your partner the difference between a valid and a reliable result.

7. Reliability of Data
Accuracy refers to the closeness of a measurement to the correct or accepted value.
Precision refers to the closeness of a set of measurements to each other (consistency).

8. Three students were asked to determine the volume of a liquid by a method of their choosing. Each student performed three trials. The table below shows the results. The actual volume of the liquid is 24.8 mL.
Trial #1
Trial #2
Trial #3
Student A
24.8 mL
24.6 mL
Student B
18.5 mL
18.6 mL
Student C
22.3 mL
23.1 mL
19.7 mL
Which student is accurate in his measurements?
Which student is precise?
Are any of the measurements valid?
Are any of the measurements reliable?

9. Bunsen Burners
Explain to your partner the difference between accurate and precise results

10. Objectives:
SPI 3210 Inq.3 Determine the appropriate tools to gather precise and accurate data
SPI 3210 Inq.4 Evaluate the accuracy and precision of data
SPI 3210.T/E.1 Distinguish among tools and procedures best suited to conduct a specified scientific inquiry
Enrichment Objective: Use significant digits when recording data in the lab

11. Collect Data Data = recorded observations Two Types of Data
Quantitative Data- data that involves numbers or measurement
Example: The length of the plant is 18.5 cm
Qualitative Data- descriptive data that does NOT involve numbers or measurement
Example: The Listerine has dark blue color; while, Wal-Mart and Scope are lighter blue.

12. Test tubes and Bunsen burners
Partner time
Test tubes explain what quantitative data is. Give an example that is not in the notes
Bunsen burners explain what qualitative data is. Give an example that is not in the notes

13. Graphing
Once data is collected, scientists usually organize the data into charts and graphs.
Charts and graphs allow scientists to analyze the data more easily.
Line graphs and bar graphs are the two most common types of graphs used by scientists.

14. Inferences
Scientists often draw inferences from data gathered during experiments.
Inference- conclusion made on the basis of facts and previous knowledge rather than on direct observations.
Unlike a hypothesis, an inference is not directly testable.

15. Evaluating Results
By analyzing data tables and graphs, scientists can draw a conclusion whether or not a hypothesis is supported or not.
If supports, then retest.
If does not support, revise hypothesis.
An experiment can only disprove, not prove a hypothesis.
If results favor the hypothesis, it is said the hypothesis was supported.

16. What can you infer from the information in each chart?
Line Graph
What can you infer from the information in each chart?
Bar Graph

17. Where do the variables go on a graph?
When graphing, the independent variable is on the x-axis; while, the dependent variable is placed on the y-axis.

18. Graphing Practice
Test tubes and Bunsen Burners work together to complete the graphing practice worksheet

19. Lab
In today’s lab, we will measure materials using different instruments. The goal is to find the most useful and precise instrument for the type of data we are trying to collect.

20. Test tubes and Bunsen burners
Wrapping up lab
Test tubes: explain the difference in precision between a graduated cylinder and a beaker
Bunsen burners: Explain the difference between accuracy and precision

21. Objectives: Did we do these??
SPI 3210 Inq.3 Determine the appropriate tools to gather precise and accurate data
SPI 3210 Inq.4 Evaluate the accuracy and precision of data
SPI 3210.T/E.1 Distinguish among tools and procedures best suited to conduct a specified scientific inquiry
Enrichment Objective: Use significant digits when recording data in the lab