1. Monitoring weather and climate from space
EUMETSAT
Monitoring weather and climate from space

2. Data applications
To assist the human forecaster in diagnosing and monitoring the development of hazardous weather systems…
For daily weather forecasting, to save human life and property…
For industry, aviation, maritime transport …
… and for climate and environmental monitoring.

3. Global meteorological satellite system
GEOSTATIONARY
GOES-11, -12, -13, -14, -15 (USA)
METEOSAT-9 (EUMETSAT) 0oLongitude
METEOSAT-8 (EUMETSAT) 9.5oE
METEOSAT-7 (EUMETSAT) 57.5oE
METEOSAT-6 (EUMETSAT) 67.5oE
GOMS-2 (RUSSIA)
KALPANA-1 (INDIA)
FY-2D (CHINA)
INSAT-3A (INDIA)
FY-2E (CHINA)
FY-2C (CHINA)
COMS (SOUTH KOREA)
MTSAT-1R (JAPAN)
MTSAT-2 (JAPAN)
1-5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
LOW EARTH ORBIT
METOP-A (EUMETSAT)
JASON-2 (USA, EUROPE)
NOAA-15, -16, -17, -18, -19 (USA)
FY-1D (CHINA)
FY-3A (CHINA)
OCEANSAT-1, -2 (INDIA)
METEOR-M N1 (RUSSIA) 19 20
21-25 26
EUMETSAT satellites
Partner satellites 27
28-29
27-28 30

4. EUMETSAT space segment
YEAR... 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION
METEOSAT-6
METEOSAT-7
METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION
METEOSAT-8
METEOSAT-9
METEOSAT-10
METEOSAT-11
METEOSAT THIRD GENERATION
MTG-l-1
MTG-S-1
MTG-l-2
MTG-l-3
MTG-S-2
MTG-l-4
EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)
METOP-A
METOP-B
METOP-C
EPS SECOND GENERATION
OCEAN SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY MISSION
JASON-2
JASON-3
JASON CONTINUITY OF SERVICES (CS)
THIRD-PARTY PROGRAMMES
GMES SENTINEL-3
GMES SENTINEL-4 ON MTG
GMES SENTINEL-5 ON EPS SECOND GENERATION

5. EUMETSAT ground segment overview
EUMETSAT geostationary systems
Meteosat satellites
Jason-2
Optional programme for ocean altimetry
EUMETSAT Polar System
Metop satellites
NOAA satellites
Data acquisition and control
Flight Operations
Pre-processing EUMETSAT HQ
Third-party
data sources
Data Centre EUMETSAT HQ Darmstadt
Meteorological product extraction EUMETSAT HQ Darmstadt
Satellite Application Facilities within the Member States
Centralised processing and generation of products
Decentralised processing and generation of products
Data dissemination via EUMETCast
Applications Ground Segment
Users

6. EUMETSAT as a global data provider
Data sources distributed via EUMETCast
EUMETSAT
American Turnaround Service
AtlanticBird-3
Users in America
EUMETSAT SAF Network
ECMWF
NOAA/NESDIS
European Uplink Service
EuroBird-9
Users in Europe
NASA
VITO
WMO
African Turnaround Service
NewSkies-806
Users in Africa
Other
Deutscher Wetterdienst
Local/National users
Meteo France

7. EUMETCast coverage EB-9, KU-BAND AB-3, C-BAND EUMETCAST AMERICAS
NSS-806, C-BAND
EUMETCAST EUROPE
EB-9, KU-BAND
EUMETCAST AFRICA
AB-3, C-BAND

8. Polar-orbiting satellites
EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS)
Europe’s first series of polar-orbiting satellites for
operational meteorology consists of three Metop in
low Earth orbit to operate over a period of at least
14 years.
Metop-A (launched in 2006)
carries imaging and sounding instruments
direct broadcasting and data collection capabilities
significant contribution to the Global Observing System and the monitoring of climate and atmospheric chemistry.
EPS data
unprecedented accuracy; used in various applications such as Numerical Weather Prediction models, atmospheric composition, cloud detection analysis or radiation budget components.
EPS –SG (in approval process)
Second Generation EPS ready in 2018
two satellite configuration being studied with distributed payloads for the two satellites
Payload to include GMES Sentinel-5
Partners:

9. The current EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS)
EPS is the European contribution to a joint European-US satellite system, the Initial Joint Polar-Orbiting Operational Satellite System (IJPS)
EPS provides continuous, long-term data sets in support of operational meteorological and environmental forecasting, and global climate monitoring
EPS consists of a series of 3 polar orbiting Metop satellites, to be flown successively for more than 15 years from 2006, together with the relevant ground facilities
Metop-A was launched in Metop B will be launched in Metop C launch is currently planned in 2016.
4 ‘Heritage' instruments (11 units for Metop A/B/C) provided by the US and a new generation of European instruments augmenting accuracy of temperature humidity measurements, readings of wind speed and direction, and atmospheric ozone profiles

10. The payload on Metop AVHRR-3 GRAS GOME-2 HIRS-4 Metop 1/2 only IASI
ASCAT
AMSU-A1
MHS
AMSU-A2

11. The payload on Metop AMSU-A : a microwave sounder
ASCAT : a scatterometer radar
AVHRR : an imager
GOME : a UV/Visible/NIR spectrometer
GRAS : a radio-occultation limb sounder
HIRS : an infra-red sounder
IASI : a hyperspectral infra-red sounder
ATOVS : the synergy of AMSU-A, HIRS and MHS for atmospheric sounding

12. EPS contributes to environmental and climate monitoring
Retrieval of trace gases and greenhouse gases CO
Ozone
CH4
CO2
Russian Wildfires summer 2010 seen by IASI CO retrieval (August, 2010)
Provision of long time series for Climate Monitoring
Three re-current Metop satellites
At least 15 years of operation
Continuity of previous missions (ATOVS, AVHRR, GOME, ASCAT)
Volcanic Ash Monitoring with IASI

13. Forecast error-reduction contribution (%)
Instrument contribution to Numerical Weather Prediction error-reduction
Forecast error-reduction contribution (%) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 O3
GOES-R
MTSAT
MSG
METEO-
AMSRE
AMSUB
MHS
SSMI
GPS-RO
IASI
AIRS
AMSUA
HIRS
SCAT
MODIS
METEO
GMS
GOES
PILOT
TEMP
DRIBU
AIREP
SYNOP
Radiance
Radar
Clouds Track
In Situ
Forecast sensitivity to observations
24-hour forecast error-reduction contribution (%) of the components (types) of the observing system during September – December (Source: ECMWF)

14. EPS Global and Local Data provision in NRT
Global data service
135 min timeliness specified
~115 min achieved
being ~halved through Antarctic McMurdo reception station)
Local data service
HRPT (High Resolution Picture Transmission) service (NRT)
EUMETSAT Advanced Retransmission Service (using HRPT, 30 min timeliness)
Long term archiving of all mission data (level 1 and level 2) in the EUMETSAT Data Centre

15. 4. Metop-A status and planning a. In orbit status incl
4. Metop-A status and planning a. In orbit status incl. extension of HRPT zone
HRPT:B unit in restricted operation
Globalisation of the coverage commenced operation on January 18th.
AMSU A1: Channel 7 is declared failed

16. Extended AHRPTswitch-ON zone: descending part of the orbit:

17. Extended AHRPTswitch-ON zone: ascending part of the orbit

18. Outlook on the polar system: evolution of EPS and beyond
The EPS “Day-2 Products”
ASCAT Global Soil Moisture
AVHRR Polar Cap Winds
AVHRR Global Normalised Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Improved IASI Level 2 : principal component analysis /radiative transfer, iterative retrieval of trace gases, cloudy /partly cloudy soundings
ASCAT Dynamic Orbit Normalisation
GRAS Wave Optics
IASI-MSG Global Instability Index
IASI : more trace gases ?

19. Back-up Slides