1. In your Interactive Notebook: Unit 3 - Lesson 3 Investigating Crimes: Police, Sheriffs, & Law Enforcement
LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
How does law enforcement investigate criminal accusations?
ESSENTIAL Lesson VOCABULARY:
Jurisdiction
Probable cause
Warrant
Arrest
Extradition
Complaint
Bail
Hearing
Indictment
FBI
SBI
Local police
County sheriff
State Police
Warm Up (In google doc):
What different responsibilities do “law enforcement” agencies have?
Does it make sense for law enforcement agencies supervised by the executive, legisilative, or judicial branch?

2. Final Grades & Contracts
3rd Quarter ends Friday.
Grade book CLOSES WEDNESDAY for any late work from Units 1 or 2.
All work for Unit 3 (this week) goes on the 4th quarter.
Shout Outs:
PERFECT ATTENDANCE: Jeaven, Keem,
2 or fewer absences: Daniel, Shammod, Josh Smith
CURRENT GRADE BREAKDOWN
A/B students are currently:
Reggie, Juan, Jeaven, Jess, Kelsha, Christian, Brandon
Several others have a shot at a B
THE Only Fs belong to students with 4+ absences. BE HERE!!!!

3. 4th Quarter Keys to Success: SWARM
Strive for Excellence
Work Collaboratively
Arrive on Time
Ready to Learn
Maximize Opportunities
Some of you will receive contracts. I expect study guide completion and tutoring attendance from everyone below a 78.
WE CAN DO THIS

4. In your Interactive Notebook: Unit 3 - Lesson 3 Investigating Crimes: Police, Sheriffs, & other Law Enforcement
Lesson 1 Performance Task:
Students distinguish between the roles and jurisdictions of varying law enforcement agencies.
Class Website:
DEADLINES & HOMEWORK:
Unit 2 make ups & Test Corrections: By _WED 3/25
Performance Task Deadlines:
Vocab Quizzes
Lessons 1-3: Wednesday
Lessons 4-5: Thursday
Unit 3 Quiz / Test:
Friday, March 20th

5. Who “enforces” the law?
Each law enforcement agencies has a different jurisdiction
Local / city police – investigate crimes & maintain order within the CITY
Chief of police is appointed by the Mayor & City Council
County Sheriff – responsible for:
Unincorporated areas of Durham County
County buildings: schools, court house, etc.
Sheriff is ELECTED by Durham county voters
State Police
State highways & interstates
State buildings: courts, legislature

6. Who “enforces” the law? State Bureau of Investigation (SBI)
Helps local police and sheriff’s
Analyzes DNA evidence
Original jurisdiction over:
Drug investigations
Arson investigations
Election law violations
Child sexual abuse in day cares
Theft/misuse of state property
Computer crimes against children

7. Who “enforces” the law? Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Can assist state law enforcement agencies
Original jurisdiction over:
Terrorist threats & attacks
Killings of state law-enforcement officers
White collar crime / fraud
Identity theft, money laundering, etc.
Organized crime (gangs, the mob, etc.)
National/ international drug trafficking
Civil rights violations by state governments
Government corruption
Director is appointed by President & confirmed by the Senate

8. Law enforcement officials MUST RESPECT:
Rule of law
Follow & respect due process & correct police procedures
Independent judiciary
Law enforcement:
Gathers evidence
makes arrests
Prosecutors decide what to charge a defendant with
Courts & juries determine guilt/non-guilt

9. While investigating… Police are required to follow the constitution
4th amendment: cannot conduct search without warrant or probable cause
5th amendment: cannot force a suspect to confess
6th amendment:
Must tell a suspect what they are arrested for
cannot prevent suspect from having access to a lawyer
IF POLICE FAIL to respect the constitution?
Case should get thrown out
This is NOT designed to cut suspects a break.
It is designed to keep police honest & limit government power

10. The role of Police Gather evidence
Physical evidence: finger prints, DNA, foot prints, weapons matching, etc.
Witnesses & interviews: eye witnesses; corroborating witnesses; establishing motive
Get arrest warrant: once police have enough evidence to make an arrest, they ask a judge to sign an arrest warrant.
State judges available at all times to sign warrants
Must have warrant or probable cause to make an arrest

11. The role of Police
Make arrest & inform suspect of the charge & his/her Miranda rights
Extradition (IF NECESSARY): If a person is wanted for a crime here, and they are caught in Mexico, Mexico will send them back to the U.S. for trial.
States have extradition agreements too: New Jersey police will arrest wanted for a crime in Georgia, and extradite them back to GA

12. The role of Prosecutors
Prosecutor – lawyer for the government
Uses evidence gathered by police to try and prove a person is guilty of the crime they are accused of
Pre-Trial Steps a prosecutor must take:
Review the evidence & decide if there is enough to charge the suspect with a crime
Determine appropriate charge & issue indictment
is the evidence consistent with 1st or 2nd degree murder? Manslaughter?
Indictment in some states requires grand jury; in NC it does not

13. The role of Prosecutors
Pre-Trial Steps a prosecutor must take:
Arraignment / initial hearing
Suspect goes before judge to hear official charge
Prosecutor recommends for or against bail;
judge decides
Discovery – government must share all of the evidence it plans to use with the defendant/ defense attorney
Physical evidence, witnesses, etc.
Plea-Bargaining
Prosecutor decides whether or not to offer a deal for a guilty plea
Defendants may admit guilt & skip a trial in exchange for a reduced sentence
Not guilty plea – defendant will go to trial

14. North Carolina State Court System
ALL NC Judges / Justice are ELECTED
NC District Court
Trial court; original jurisdiction
Judge only; no jury
NC Superior Court
Trial court; Original jurisdiction
Jury trials
NC Court of Appeals
15 judges
Appellate jurisdiction
NC Supreme Court
7 justices

15. Activity Imagine a crime of your choice
Develop a cartoon that shows the pre-trial steps taken by law enforcement (police and prosecutors) in investigating the crime and issuing the charge
Grading Criteria: Cartoon must include
At least 3 steps taken by police
At least 3 steps taken by prosecutors

16. Practice: Constructed Response
Respond to this prompt in complete sentences. You will have 6 minutes to complete the prompt.
On Thursday, police received an anonymous tip that Francis is a drug dealer. On Monday morning, they raided Francis’ apartment looking for drugs. During the search, police found two kilos of cocaine and 3 unregistered semi-automatic weapons. Police did not have a search warrant at the time of the raid. Francis is arrested and charged with illegal gun possession and intent to distribute illegal narcotics.
Using your knowledge of the constitution and the U.S. legal system, what constitutional issues will make it hard for prosecutors to convict Francis?
Give an example of a different scenario in which police could have entered Francis’ home and conducted a search without a warrant.