1. How environment affects patterns of gene expression
Epigenetics
How environment affects patterns of gene expression

2. What is epigenetics?
Genes are turned on or off as a result of illness, diet, or changes in the environment
The reason identical twins are different
May play a role in mental illness
These patterns of gene expression can be changed before the child is born
And can even be passed down from parent to child.
How a mother eats while pregnant affects the genes in her unborn child AND her grandchild!

3. Genetic Engineering
Restriction enzymes are used to cut sections of DNA from one organism and place them into another
Recombinant DNA – the name for the DNA that contains genes from more than one organism
Transgenic Organism - organism has foreign DNA
Gene therapy – a potential treatment for genetic disorders that involves replacing the defective gene with one that works.

4. Other uses of genetic engineering
Bt Corn
Bacteria that make human insulin
Cows that produce human protein in their milk
Goats that make silk in their milk
Glow in the dark cats and pigs
Pigs that grow bigger, but have less fat
Manufacturing of vaccines
Tomatoes that resist bruising and spoilage