1. STATISTICS
THE STATISTICAL CYCLE

2. WHAT IS A STATISTICS…
Statistics is the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data.

3. The statistical cycle ANALYSE AND INTERPRET DATA
1. Pose questions/problems
2. Collect data
3. Organise data
4. Represent data
5. Summarise data

4. 1. Pose questions/problems
The first stage in the cycle is the questions that will be asked during the study.
The type of question you use will affect the type of data that needs to be collected.
Example:
Mr Naphta wants to know what sport learners participate in
the school.
Which sport is done by the learner?
Do more male or female learners participate in sport?
Is sport enjoyable for the learner?

5. 2. Collecting data Sources of data: Population and samples
Population is the entire group of which data is collected about.
Example: All 659 learners will take the sport survey.
Samples is a collection of people chosen from the population to represent them.
Example: 45 learners from each grade will take part in the survey

6. 2.Collecting data DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENTS:
After choosing a sample or population, the next step is to decide on a appropriate instrument for collecting data.
These instruments include questionnaires, interviews and observations.
Questionnaires:
A questionnaire contains a list of questions given to a group to collect data.
Example:
Census at school
Tick box if you participate in
Rugby
Netball
Hockey
Cricket
Athletics

7. 2. Collecting data 2. Interviews:
Interviews take much longer than a questionnaire. Usually happens with one person asking questions to another.
3. Observations:
We can also observe and use that data to record it on a sheet.

8. 3. Organise data
The data that has been collected could be referred to as raw data/primary data
Raw data has not been subjected to processing
Raw data is set of numbers, which is difficult to analyse
We use a frequency table to organise data
Example of an frequency table:

9. Representing and summarise of data to be continued…