1. Avian Influenza Dr K L Critchley Veterinary Officer - Retired
Poultry and Emergency Animal Diseases
Primary Industries and Resources SA

2. Avian Influenza Avian Influenza virus:
A member of the orthomyxo viridae family
3 major groups named A, B & C
To date, all avian flu has been Type A.

3. Avian Influenza Avian Influenza on the world scene
Within the group A, division is based on the surface H & N antigens
15 Haemagglutinin subtypes and 9 Neuraminidase
Virulent avian are usually H5 or H7 but all H and N types have been found in birds.
Classic fowl plague is H7N7

4. Avian Influenza

5. Avian Influenza

6. Avian Influenza
U.S.:
Minnesota, on the ‘flyways’ from the Arctic. In 1960s developed large free range turkey industry and had routine AI outbreaks, virus type same as that carried by migrating waterfowl (up to 60% of young birds infected).
Moved the flocks indoors in the 80s and fixed most of the problems.
In , H5N2 AI outbreak in Pennsylvania, tracked back to live bird markets in New York. Constant monitoring indicates that a low path is still circulating at a low level, with occasional clinical outbreaks.

7. Avian Influenza

8. Avian Influenza

9. Avian Influenza Australia: five outbreaks of virulent AI
1976, Melbourne, H7N7, mixed poultry farms
1985 and 1992 Bendigo, H7N7, duck contact?
1994, Lowood, Qld, H7N3 & using water from river during drought, water fowl contact?
1997, Tamworth, NSW, H7N4, uncertain contact

10. Avian Influenza Australia:
All the outbreaks were controlled fairly quickly.
There was no spread outside the affected properties.
No consideration was given to AI as a potential zoonotic (animal to human).

11. Targeted Surveillance

12. Targeted Surveillance
Estimated 2-3% Low Pathogenic AI prevalence
Many H types, including:
H1, H2, H3, H4, H6, H8, H9, H11, H13
H5 (2 years)
H7 (3 years – including 2016)

13. What can you do?

14. Who was involved?

15. What’s in it?

16. What’s in it?

17. Example of content

18. This number is the same for all states.
Got suspicions?
Call the Emergency Disease Watch Hotline
This number is the same for all states.

19. Breaking news, AI hits Disney
Thank you,
any questions?