1. Roman Republic

2. The Geography of Rome

3. Italy in 750 BCE

4. The Mythical Founding of Rome: Romulus & Remus

5. Difference between Greek Democracy and Roman Republic
Greek City States
(Independent, Isolated)
All the men vote on all the issues
Roman Republic
(Centralized, United)
All the men vote for representatives who are part of a central government

6. The Roman
Republic:
509 B.C B.C.

7. Rome’s Social Classes/Groups
Social Hierarchy/Patriarchy
Ruling Class – Patricians
Senate - (Representative body chosen by Plebians- Clients/Patronage)
Senate had all political power in the Roman Republic
Everyone Else - Plebians

8. The Roman Temple

9. Similarities between Greek and Roman Religions
Used gods to explain
events, situations in life and world
Worshipped same gods
but gave different names – Polytheism
Example: Aphrodite vs. Venus
No Human Sacrifices
involved in temple worship

10. Rome’s Early Road System

11. Romans Built Roads: Created extensive Trade Network
Spread ideas like Christianity

12. The Coliseum – best example of Roman architecture

13. The Coliseum Interior

14. Roman Invention - Concrete

15. Allowed Rome and other cities to increase populations
Roman Aqueducts
Allowed Rome and other cities to increase populations

16. Reform Leaders & Military Generals
Different leaders/generals in Republic …
Led reform movements to give to the poor grain and small plots of land.
recruited a personal army from the poor and homeless.
created professional soldiers– paid by the generals NOT government
Previous generals became examples for Julius and Augustus Caesar to imitate – how to gain power

17. First Roman Civil War
Julius Caesar
Pompey

18. Caesar Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BC
Caesar became first military ruler/dictator
Ends Roman Republic!

19. Beware the Ides of March! 44 BCE – Caesar Assassinated

20. The Second Roman Civil War
Augustus Caeser
Marc Antony
Marcus Lepidus

21. Roman Citizenship
The history of Rome involves citizens gradually and willingly giving and losing political power and rights to dictators and then emperors for “Bread and Circus”