1. CGE 1 Linkers In addition, In addition to In contrast, In contrast to
For example, such as
On the other hand, while
By Shanti

2. In addition, In addition to
‘In addition’ and ‘In addition to’ have the same meaning as ‘and’ (adding ideas) IDEA 1. In addition, IDEA 2. I like chips. In addition, I like chocolate. In addition to + IDEA 1, IDEA 2. In addition to chips, I like chocolate.
Clauses - must have subjects and verbs
Clause - must have subject and verb
Noun/noun phrase (no verb)

3. In contrast, In contrast to
‘In contrast’ and ‘In contrast to’ have the same meaning as ‘but’ (opposite ideas) IDEA 1. In contrast, IDEA 2. I like chips. In contrast, I hate chocolate. In contrast to + IDEA 1, IDEA 2. In contrast to chips, I hate chocolate.
Clauses - must have subjects and verbs
Clause - must have subject and verb
Noun/noun phrase (no verb)

4. For example, such as
Both have the same meaning but:- For example + CLAUSE CLAUSE, such as + noun/noun phrase I like junk food. For example, I like chocolate and ice cream. I like junk food, such as chocolate and ice cream.
Clause - must have subject and verb
Noun/noun phrase (no verb)

5. On the other hand, while
Both of these have the same meaning as ‘but’ (opposite ideas). They are used differently. IDEA 1. On the other hand, IDEA 2. I like chips. On the other hand, I hate chocolate. While + IDEA 1, IDEA 2. or IDEA 1 while IDEA 2. While I like chips, I hate chocolate. or I like chips while I hate chocolate.
Clauses - must have subjects and verbs
Clause - must have subject and verb
Clause - must have subject and verb

6. Find the mistakes I like coffee. In addition, I like tea.
While I like tigers, I hate lions.
I hate lions while I hate tigers.
I like many animals for example goats and cats.
In contrast to Amin, Ahmed does not go to university.
Hamda did well in the CGE. In addition, Sheila failed.
The UAE has a lot of oil resources. In addition, New Zealand does not.
In addition to hiking in the forest, Mouza likes diving.
There are many things she likes about learning English. Such as reading and learning new vocabulary.
There are some great things about studying abroad. On the other hand, living in the hostel is fun.

7. Find the mistakes (Answers)
Correct
I hate lions while I like tigers.
I like many animals, such as goats and cats.
Hamda did well in the CGE. In contrast, Sheila failed.
The UAE has a lot of oil resources. In contrast, New Zealand does not.
There are many things she likes about learning English, such as reading and learning new vocabulary.
There are some great things about studying abroad. For example, living in the hostel is fun.

8. CGE 2 Linkers
Because, because of

9. because, because of
because and because of shows reason. because IDEA 1 because IDEA 2. I like chips because the flavour is great. because of IDEA 1 because of IDEA 2. or because of IDEA 1, IDEA 2 I like chips because of the flavour. Because of the flavour, I like chips.
Clauses - must have subjects and verbs
Clause - must have subject and verb
Noun/noun phrase (no verb)