1. Bellwork: What do elements in groups or families have in common?

2. Bellwork: What do elements in groups or families have in common?
Valence electrons… and reactivity!

3. Remind Me: How is the periodic table organized?
Atomic number (number of protons)

4. Remind Me: What is the period? What does it tell you?
Horizontal rows – number of energy levels

5. 1. Electrons are found on energy levels
1. Electrons are found on energy levels. According to Bohr, they are not between levels.

6. 2. To move to higher energy levels, electrons can absorb energy.
1. Electrons are found on energy levels. According to Bohr, they are not between levels.
2. To move to higher energy levels, electrons can absorb energy.

7. 3. Electrons can release energy and photons of light to move to lower energy levels.

8. 4. Instead of the Bohr the model, we now believe electrons are found in regions of high probability. We might call them orbitals.
5. Two electrons can occupy each orbital. Each electron in the orbital spins the opposite way.

9. 6. a. The simplest orbital is the s-orbital. It can only hold 2e-
6. a. The simplest orbital is the s-orbital. It can only hold 2e-. There is only 1 s-orbital per energy level. b. The second type is the p-orbital. There are 3 p-orbitals per energy level, so they can hold 6e-.

10. 6. c. The next orbital is the d-orbital. It can only hold 2e-
6. c. The next orbital is the d-orbital. It can only hold 2e-. There are 5 d-orbitals per energy level, so they can hold 10e d. The next orbital is the f-orbital. There are 7 f-orbitals per energy level, so they can hold 14e-.

11. 7. Using the Periodic Table:
Horizontal rows – number of energy levels
The “block” the element is in determines the final part of the electron configuration.

12. 8. Let’s try the first notation – spectroscopic notation! (typical)

13. 9. Let’s try the next notation – orbital diagrams!

14. 10. This diagram might help.

15. 11. Let’s try… Beryllium Carbon Neon Potassium Phosphorus
Which is 1s22s22p63s23p6 ?