1. 21/11/2018
The need for continuous and effective ATM Training/new technologies, new system, new challenges.

2. First Training challenge?

3. 3 out 4 ATCOs claim that changes
Keeping pace
ATM is defined by change, and staying current with new:
technology
operational concepts
regulatory training requirements
is crucial for training but…also
extremely challenging
3 out 4 ATCOs claim that changes
are too fast

4. Training meets actual challenges
Operational training on FEP
FRAIT (direct routing) FL335 ( FL may)
RISA (Air Space and sectors redesign)
Data Link & Integrated Label
PBN (enable new Instr. Flight Proc. & CTR & CC/CD)
Tromboni (a sort of Point merge)
ERATO (MTCD assist ATCO decision-making - LIBB)
ACDM (data exchanging ATC, AOP, Airlines, NMOC)
A-SMGCS
ACC/APP (Combined)
Reg. (EU) 2015/340 (ATCO licences)

5. But…how about human variability?
Very often, we forget that:
Safety & business, depends on professionals remaining up to date in new field.
New technologies are related to improvements but is vital to consider human issues.
Training is not for “advantages yielded by certification”.
Training is to master ATM job-related competencies.
Even if we do tens of simulation the difficulty is ensuring that training is effective and resulted in behaviours applied day-to day.
Work as imagined Work as it done

6. How Safety can feed training?
Information costs both for Safety and Training and the difficulty is describe Human in ATC taxonomy.
A return ticket from training to Safety

7. How human in ATC taxonomy?
Nothing new!!!!
HERA JANUS (EUROCONTROL) technique to what error and how did the error occur to:
Review and reinforce training program
Assess the competency framework

8. HERA-JANUS error analysis… one by one
Perception and Vigilance
No detection of visual information
No auditory detection
Mis-identification of information
Memory
Forgot to monitor
Forgot to perform action
Inaccurate recall of information
Planning and Decision Making
Misjudged aircraft projection
Incorrect decision or plan
No decision or plan
Response Execution
Typing error
Incorrect information transmitted
Information not recorded

9. Contextual conditions More than 200 options
Training and experience:
Inadequate time on position
Unfamiliar task in routine operations
Novel situation
Inadequate knowledge/experience position
Inadequate mentoring
Inadequate On-the-Job Training (OJT)
Inadequate emergency training
Inadequate Team Resource Management (TRM) training
Inadequate recurrent/continuation training
Controller under training
Controller under examination/check
Pilot-ATCo Communication
Actions
Traffic & Airspace
excessive traffic load
Unusual situation
Weather
Thunderstorm … route deviation
Documentation & Procedures

10. ENAV Safety portal Collect the incident data (be factual)
Errori nominativo
Errore di virata
Mancata comunicazione voli in procedura che i precedenti stanno riattaccando
Motivo delle riattaccate “wind shear”
Collect the incident data (be factual)
Interview the persons involved
Identify the errors
Analyse the errors one by one

12. What

13. WHY

14. From content to process
Following FRAIT implementation… TCT (TaCtical Tool).
Even if implemented to reduce the workload we found out that…
Excess confidence in the use of TCT;
ATCos started reduced margin …'borderline' separations
Every solution brings new issues!

17. Redesign training Start from a real event
Assess core competences, normal operations and best practies
Skills and Attitudes
Redesign more and more realistic exercises

18. New challenges New training?
AMAN (Arrival Manager), to support arrival sequence delay
4-Flight based on SESAR requirements will replace existing ACCs system
Coflight - Flight Data Processing System
Gate-to-gate/FDP
Interoperability functions
Datalink capabilities
4D Trajectory prediction
Remote TWRs by 2022
NTA (New Tower Architecture) and ASMGCS2 ground traffic planning and conflict detection.
Continuos training, under a culture that values learning, with personal energy and enthusiasm
remain pivotal in the process

19. What future for trA.I.ning?
HELIOS AI in ATM faces real safety challenges
“That revolution is the application of machine learning techniques, colloquially referred to as Artificial Intelligence”.
AI when operating is, like a human, very context dependent.
It is more likely that AI will be a 'clever assistant' which does not replace the human but will extend the capabilities of humans already engaged in certain pursuits, for example, evolutionary algorithms to help ATCOs identify optimal structures and flows
Undergrounds

20. Thank you for your time
Question?