1. socialization
Unit 3

2. SOCIALIZATION
Process by which a society transmits its cultural values to its members
Through this, you develop a personality
Both nature AND nurture furthers our development
Nature – what people inherit
Nurture – what people are taught

3. SOCIALIZATION
The role of heredity (nature) in determining level of intelligence is controversial – revolves around what’s inherited
B/c we also hold the
capacity for aptitude –
ability to develop physical
or social skills (like athletics)

4. ID, EGO, & SUPEREGO Freud says kids’ personalities consist of 3 parts:
Video
Freud says kids’ personalities consist of 3 parts:
The id: part of personality that is irrational; seek pleasure
The ego: part of personality that is rational, logically & realistic
The superego: part of personality that is moral – our conscience

5. SIGMUND FREUD Freud is significant in 3 ways:
1. parents role in kid’s development
2. childhood experiences have great impact
3. assumption that superego—influence on personality—reflects society’s norms & values

6. LEARNING HOW TO BE “MASCULINE” OR “FEMININE”
Kids develop their gender identities by observing and learning people’s social expectations on basis of their sex
Patriarchal society:
Males dominant over females
Child care assigned primarily to mother
By age 3, kids start to see themselves as individuals
Video 

7. LOOKING-GLASS PROCESS
Cooley says core of personality is concept of oneself, the self-image
Self-image is developed through a mirror image, therefore we acquire a looking- glass self  we define ourselves based on others’ perceptions
(We will watch a good film explaining this idea…”Secrets of the Wild Child”)

8. ROLE-TAKING PROCESS
Like Cooley, George Mead said development is made through interactions
Says we “get under the skin” of others by taking their role
I vs. Me Stages
The Me: Socialized aspect of the person; act according to how people treat you; is responsible for creating the “I”
The I: Ego centered; personal attitude and reflection of the self; constructed as a result of the “me”

9. GEORGE MEAD’S IDEAS Mead says kids develop self-concept in 3 stages:
1. preparatory stage – 1st two years; kids imitate others, especially caregivers
2. significant others – about 3 yrs old; go through “play stage” (tell baby dolls not to be “naughty”)
3. generalized others –start playing “game stage” (doctor, nurse, teacher, etc.)
Start to participate in sports & learn rules of society
WATCH VIDEO FIRST 

10. PEER GROUPS As kids grow older, learn from peers:
Independence from adults
Social skills & group loyalties
Values of friendship & companionship
Negative: can socialize members to be isolationist from others

11. LEARNING NEW ROLES
As we learn roles, we undergo 3 types of socialization:
1. anticipatory socialization = people learn to assume a role in the future, but idealism dies out
2. developmental socialization = people learn to be competent in playing currently assumed role; kids = son/daughters, adults = workers/husband, wife/parents

12. LEARNING NEW ROLES
3. resocialization = less common; people forced to abandon old self & create a new self (prisons, mental institutions, etc)
These are total institutions – places where people are cut off from society & rigidly controlled
Prison Gangs Video (1 hour) 