1. Sigmund Freud
(google images 2015)

2. Field of Study Austrian Psychologist, inventor of psychoanalysis
Had a major impact on Western thought and philosophy
discovery of the subconscious, founding of psychoanalysis and theories of human sexuality
emphasized that many of our problems in later life come from our relationships with our parents
Freud defines psychoanalysis as a procedure for the treatment for the medically ill
Freud was intrigued by cases involving child abuse, incest as well as other sexually related cases (Boeree 2017)

3. Conscious Mind
conscious mind is what you are aware of at any particular moment, your present perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings
anything that can easily be made conscious, the memories you are not at the moment thinking about but can readily bring to mind (Boeree 2017)
Responsible for making the idea of the conscious vs. subconscious mind popular
Working closely with the conscious mind is what Freud called the preconscious, what we might today call "available memory"

4. Subconscious Largest part of the mind
It includes all the things that are not easily available to awareness
our drives or instincts, and things that are put there because we can't bear to look at them, such as the memories and emotions associated with trauma
of our motivations, whether they be simple desires for food or sex, neurotic compulsions, or the motives of an artist or scientist
we are sometimes driven to deny or resist becoming conscious of these motives, and they are often available to us only in disguised form (Boeree 2017)

5. model of the structure of the mind
The id is that part of the mind in which are situated the instinctual sexual drives which require satisfaction
the super-ego is that part which contains the 'conscience', socially-acquired control mechanisms (usually imparted in the first instance by the parents) which have been internalized
while the ego is the conscious self created by the dynamic tensions and interactions between the id and the super-ego, which has the task of reconciling their conflicting demands with the requirements of external reality (Boeree 2017)
nervous system translates the organism's needs into motivational forces called instincts or drives (Freud called them wishes)
translation from need to wish is called the primary process
pleasure principle: a demand to take care of needs immediately
An example of this is an infant screaming for something. It does not know what it wants, it just knows it wants it now. The id is developed at birth.
As a want demands more and more of your attention (like a big piece of chocolate cake when you’re on a diet) that is the object breaking through to the conscious mind
relates the organism to reality by means of its consciousness
it searches for objects to satisfy the wishes that id creates to represent the organisms needs
This is called the secondary process
functions according to the reality principle: take care of a need as soon as an appropriate object is found
Developed at around the age of one year
it keeps track of the rewards and punishments handed out by mom and dad
two aspects to the superego: the conscience, which is an internalization of punishments and warnings; The other is called the ego ideal
Ego ideal derives from rewards and positive models presented to the child
new set of needs and accompanying wishes of social rather than biological origins
Can conflict with the id
the superego represents society, and society often wants nothing better than to have you never satisfy your needs at all
All objects of consciousness reside in the ego
the contents of the id belong permanently to the unconscious mind
the super-ego is an unconscious screening-mechanism which seeks to limit the blind pleasure-seeking drives of the id by the imposition of restrictive rules

6. Human Psyche

7. The Id
nervous system translates the organism's needs into motivational forces called instincts or drives (Freud called them wishes)
translation from need to wish is called the primary process
pleasure principle: a demand to take care of needs immediately
An example of this is an infant screaming for something. It does not know what it wants, it just knows it wants it now. The id is developed at birth.
As a want demands more and more of your attention (like a big piece of chocolate cake when you’re on a diet) that is the object breaking through to the conscious mind (Boeree 2017)

8. The Ego relates the organism to reality by means of its consciousness
it searches for objects to satisfy the wishes that id creates to represent the organisms needs
This is called the secondary process
functions according to the reality principle: take care of a need as soon as an appropriate object is found
Developed at around the age of one year
it keeps track of the rewards and punishments handed out by mom and dad
Psychoanalysis is used to gain access to that which the ego has tried to hide in the unconscious or disguise by means of other defense mechanisms (Boeree 2017)

9. Defense Mechanisms
The mind possesses a number of 'defense mechanisms' to attempt to prevent conflicts from becoming too acute. A few examples are:
repression (pushing conflicts back into the unconscious)
sublimation (channeling the sexual drives into the achievement socially acceptable goals, in art, science, poetry, etc.)
fixation (the failure to progress beyond one of the developmental stages)
regression (a return to the behaviour characteristic of one of the stages). (Boeree 2017)

10. The Super Ego
two aspects to the superego: the conscience, which is an internalization of punishments and warnings; The other is called the ego ideal
Ego ideal derives from rewards and positive models presented to the child
new set of needs and accompanying wishes of social rather than biological origins
Can conflict with the id
the superego represents society, and society often wants nothing better than to have you never satisfy your needs at all (Boeree 2017)

11. Bibliography
Boeree, C. G. (n.d.). Retrieved from