1. Quantitative design: Ungraded review questions

2. In the US some states legalize marijuana and some don’t. Dr
In the US some states legalize marijuana and some don’t. Dr. Rolla Joint conducted a study to investigate whether states legalizing marijuana had a lower crime rate related to drug use. This is an example of:
Experiment
Quasi-experiment
Natural experiment
Case-control study

3. Dr. Noel Wisdom wants to investigate whether using online group discussion to learn statistics can improve test performance. Which of the following is the proper comparison group?
A group in which the professor gives a four-hour lecture in every lesson.
A group that has conventional group discussion in the classroom.
A group that will study the text book only
All of the these are proper.

4. Using a meaningful control group in research design can lead to a meaningful conclusion. This is in alignment with which criterion of good research design?
Completeness
Efficiency
Insight
All of the above

5. Violation of ORI’s research ethics Simpson’s paradox
Take Dr. Wisdom’s research as an example again. Previous studies show that learners could not keep their attention in a four-hour lecture, and as a result this affects their learning outcomes. Wisdom insisted using this learning method in her control group. This is an example of:
Violation of ORI’s research ethics
Simpson’s paradox
Violation of Equipoise
All of the above

6. efficacy effectiveness. ecological validity All of the above
Utilizing a randomized controlled experiment, Dr. Candace Spencer concluded that cognitive behavior therapy can reduce the substance abuse rate by 20%. He carefully designed the study so that all potential threats against internal validity of his experiment are under control. This study shows a high degree of:
efficacy
effectiveness.
ecological validity
All of the above

7. Traditionally researchers believe that the best form of research design is experimentation. Today this notion is challenged by other researchers. What is/are their argument(s)?
A well-structured non-experimental design can still yield a valid causal conclusion (e.g. smoking could cause lung cancer).
Usually an experiment is conducted in an artificial setting. In the real world people might not behave as what they did in experiments (e.g. the dictator game).
In a typical experiment the sample size is very small and the sample is WEIRD. When a researcher uses archival data, the much bigger sample size could reveal a truer behavioral pattern.
All of the above.