1. Experiencing The Lifespan
JANET BELSKY
Experiencing The Lifespan
3rd edition
Chapter 6:
Socioemotional Development
Copyright © 2013, 2011 by Worth Publishers

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Table 6.1 Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
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Figure 6.1 How do children view themselves?: Harter has devised this questionnaire format to measure children’s feelings of competence in her five different areas of life. The item in the top panel is derived from Harter’s scale designed for young children; the questions in the bottom panel are from a similar scale for elementary school children.
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Table 6.2 Externalizing and Internalizing Problems, Self-Esteem Distortions, and Consequences—A Summary Table
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Table 6.3 Identifying Your Self-Esteem Distortions: A Checklist Using Harter’s Five Domains
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Table 6.4 How to Produce Prosocial Children: A Summary Table
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Table 6.5 Aggression: A Summary of the Types
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Figure 6.2 The relationship between mothers’ reports of spanking at 15 months and externalizing behavior at age 4, for temperamentally difficult and easy children, from a longitudinal study:
In this research, notice that if a child was temperamentally easy, being regularly spanked during toddlerhood slightly increased the risk of having later externalizing problems. However, this discipline style had a huge negative impact on development for toddlers with difficult temperaments. Bottom line: Power assertion is poisonous for a temperamentally at-risk child.
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Figure 6.3 How being popular relates to being personally liked for girls in middle school: In this study, children in different grades were asked which classmates were popular and which classmates they liked the most. notice that, by ninth grade, there was little relationship between being viewed as in the “popular” group and being seen as well liked. Did you really like the kids in the “in-crowd” at your school?
JANET BELSKY Copyright © 2013, 2011 by Worth Publishers