1. Benchmark Review

2. 1. A copper ornament has a mass of 0
1. A copper ornament has a mass of kg and changes from a temperature of 20.0°C to 27.4ºC. How much heat energy did it gain?

3. 2. Which energy transformation takes place when a match is struck against the side of a matchbox and bursts into flames?

4. 3. Conduction can BEST be described as the transfer of heat energy by

5. 4. A 0. 0150 kg cylinder of zinc cooled from 100. 0°C to 20. 0°C
4. A kg cylinder of zinc cooled from 100.0°C to 20.0°C. The metal lost 466 J of heat energy. What is the specific heat capacity of the zinc?

6. Use the following phase diagram for water to answer the question
Use the following phase diagram for water to answer the question. Some ice crystals are released from the space shuttle into the near vacuum of space. Solar radiation causes a phase change.Which path indicated in the diagram BEST illustrates what happens to the ice crystals?

7. 6. A lever is used to lift a box, as shown in the diagram below
6. A lever is used to lift a box, as shown in the diagram below. What is the mechanical advantage of the lever?

8. 7. Plastic lenses bend light waves making it possible for a near-sighted person to focus light onto the retina. The interaction of the light waves with the plastic lenses is known as

9. 8. The following diagram shows a type of earthquake wave called an s-wave. Besides the wave, what else is moving to the right?

10. 9. A system of filters gradually turns a beam of orange light (f = 5
9. A system of filters gradually turns a beam of orange light (f = 5.0 × 1014 Hz) into green light (f = 6.0 × 1014 Hz). Which of the following experiences an increase during the color change? 

11. 10. Sound waves and ultraviolet light waves both share the property of being able to
A move through space B travel at 300,000 m/s
C carry energy D propagate through rock

12. 11. A truck is blowing its horn as it approaches a bystander at an intersection. According to the Doppler Effect, the bystander will notice that the sound
A decreases in frequency
B increases in wavelength
C increases in pitch D decreases in speed

13. The figure below shows how the word “ambulance” is painted on the front of some vehicles so that it reads correctly in the rearview mirror that is attached to the windshield of a car driving in front of the ambulance. The word is painted this way because the mirror
A turns the word upside down
B reverses the left and the right sides of objects
C rotates the objects by 90 degrees
D makes the objects appear farther away

14. 13. The following diagram shows what happens to some water waves
13. The following diagram shows what happens to some water waves. What process are the waves undergoing? A refraction B diffraction C reflection D interference

15. 14. By what process does a lens focus light?
A reflection B refraction
C congregation D dispersion

16. 15. In a restaurant kitchen, lamps are used to keep food warm. Which type of electromagnetic radiation do the lamps emit that is primarily responsible for keeping the food warm?

17. 16. An inclined plane is used to move a heavy box from the ground into the bed of a truck at a height of 1m for a distance of 4m. If 100 N of force is required to move the load up the ramp, how much work is done? Disregard any force of friction.

18. 17. Albert stirs a mug of hot chocolate with a metal spoon. What type of heat transfer is responsible for the spoon getting hot?

19. 18. A piece of blue paper appears blue because the paper
A reflects all colors of light except blue
B refracts all colors of light except blue
C absorbs all colors of light except blue
D is transparent to all colors of light except blue

20. 19. The stored energy in a battery can BEST be described as
A thermal B chemical C nuclear D kinetic

21. Which speed MOST likely represents a gas? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
  21. A sound wave is produced and begins to travel from left to right through four different media. The speed of the wave varies as it travels. The media are solid, liquid, gas, and a vacuum, but not necessarily in that order.
Which speed MOST likely represents a gas?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 1 2 3 4
344 m/sec
5000 m/sec
1450 m/sec
No transmission

22. 22. A car was sitting in sunlight all day long
22. A car was sitting in sunlight all day long. The heat that is now contained in the car was transferred to the car primarily by which of the following processes?
A convection B conduction C radiation D electrical energy transfer

23. 23. Use the diagram to answer the question
23. Use the diagram to answer the question. What force must be applied to the rope in the pulley shown in the diagram above to lift the 10-N block?

24. 24. A heavy box is pushed up an inclined plane that is 1
24. A heavy box is pushed up an inclined plane that is 1.5 meters high and 4.5 meters long up the ramp. What is the mechanical advantage of the inclined plane? 

25. 25. Select the statement that MOST accurately describes the following situation: An observer hears a higher pitch than the source is producing, therefore …
A the source is moving toward the observer
B the source is stationary
C the source is moving away from the observer
D the source is rotating