1. Definite articles and adjectives
Chapter 01
Definite articles and adjectives

2. Definite and indefinite articles
The indefinite article (un, una) refers to a non-specific item.
Es un libro.
It’s a book, any old book.
The definite article (el, la) refers to a specific item. A ! R I B
Es el libro que usamos en la clase de español.
Hoy día
It’s the book we use in the Spanish class.

3. Definite and indefinite articles
The indefinite article (un, una) refers to a non-specific item.
Es una silla.
It’s a chair, any old chair.
The definite article (el, la) refers to a specific item.
Es la silla que usamos en la clase de español.
It’s the chair we use in the Spanish class.

4. Definite and indefinite articles
The plural indefinite article (unos, unas) can be translated as “some” or “a few.”
Hay unos libros en la sala de clase.
There are a few books in the classroom.
Hay unas sillas también.
There are some chairs, too.

5. Definite and indefinite articles
The plural definite article (los, las), just like the singular, refers to specific things. A ! R I B
Hoy día
Son los libros para la clase de español.
They’re the books for the Spanish class.
Son las sillas para los estudiantes.
They’re the chairs for the students.

6. Adjectives Es un chico guapo. Es una chica guapa.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 1a: Four-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number and gender.
Adjectives that end in o in their base form normally are four-form adjectives.
Es un chico guapo.
Es una chica guapa.
Son unos chicos guapos.
Son unas chicas guapas.

7. Adjectives Es un chico trabajador. Es una chica trabajadora.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 1b: Four-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number and gender.
Adjectives that end in r / ra in their base form normally are four-form adjectives.
Es un chico trabajador.
Es una chica trabajadora.
Son unos chicos trabajadores.
Son unas chicas trabajadoras.

8. Adjectives Es un chico inteligente. Es una chica inteligente.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 2a: Two-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number only.
Adjectives that end in e in their base form normally are two-form adjectives.
Es un chico inteligente.
Es una chica inteligente.
Son unos chicos inteligentes.
Son unas chicas inteligentes.

9. Adjectives Es un libro difícil. Es una clase difícil.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 2b: Two-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number only.
Adjectives that end in a consonant are also two-form, normally.
Es un libro difícil.
Es una clase difícil.
Son unos libros difíciles.
Son unas clases difíciles.

10. Adjectives Es un chico feliz*. Es una chica feliz.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 2c: Two-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number only.
Adjectives that end in a consonant are also two-form, normally.
Es un chico feliz*.
Es una chica feliz.
Son unos chicos felices.
Son unas chicas felices.
*feliz = happy

11. Adjectives Es un chico optimista. Es una chica optimista.
Basically, there are two types of adjectives.
Type 2d: Two-form adjectives.
These adjectives agree in number only.
Adjectives that end in ista also are two-form.
Es un chico optimista.
Es una chica optimista.
Son unos chicos optimistas.
Son unas chicas optimistas.

12. Descriptive adjectives, that is, those that express more than simple possession, location, or number, are generally placed after the noun.
Literally, “It’s a class good.”
Literally, “Yes, and he’s a professor very intelligent.”

14. La
Los
Los La La El