1. PM2.5 Target value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2010 Limit Value 25µg/m³ 01/01/2015
Exposure concentration obligation (city BG)
20µg/m³ 01/01/2015 1

2. PM2.5 locations 2007 2

3. PM2.5 yearly averages 3

4. Additional PM2.5 measurements
5 Stations started in 2008 in the Antwerp harbour
4 Stations started in 2009 for determination of AEI on urban background locations.
Locations:
Antwerp agglomeration: 2 stations
Ghent: 1 station
Bruges: 1 station
Measuring method: gravimetric method
1 Station in a rural background area for the determination of the chemical composition 4

5. Comparative measurements PM2.5 in 2009
BAM1020 (Met One) vs reference on 3 places
TEOM-FDMS vs reference on 3 places
ESM FH 62 I-R vs reference on 2 places
Pall Tissue kwarts vs Pall teflon on 2 places 5

6. Equivalence tests PM2.5 ESM: 1.46 TEOM-FDMS: 1.08 => 1.00

7. Equivalence tests PM10 ESM: 1.37 TEOM: 1.47 TEOM-FDMS: 1.00
1.12: quartz
1.01: teflon 7

8. COSTS PM2.5 - Monitors Monitor Invest. Maint. Energy VTE 34.000 10.000
TEOM-FDMS
34.000
10.000
282
0,03
ESM TEI62IR
27.000
4.250 16
BAM1020
17.125
FAISWAM5ADC
33.000
GRIMM 180
28.000
2.950 5
0,025
BTW excl.
GRIMM180: PM10 + PM2.5 9

9. COSTS PM2.5 - Gravimetry Stations Investment samplers (10yr): 5.300,-
Maintenance – working costs: ,-
Personal costs: VTE
Investment gravimetry: ,- 10

10. Chemical characterisation: How much versus What
How much? (EU-legislation)  What? (science) !
(diesel)soot
bodemstof
 “Chemkar PM10” project 11

11. Chemical Characterisation of PM10
What ?
Elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, Si, Ti, V, Zn)
Water-soluble ions (NH4+,NO3-, SO42-,Cl-,…)
EC/OC
Genotoxical tests (VITO & UA)
PAHs (VMM Ghent)
Isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) (JRC-IRMM)
The following components were determined
Fe : iron
Si : silicon 12

12. Chemical Characterisation of PM10
Why?
What?
How?
PM mass: gravimetric
Ions: IC
EC/OC: TOT* (NIOSH program, Sunset Lab)
Elements: XRF
PAH: GC-MS
* Thermo-optical transmission
The following components were determined
Fe : iron
Si : silicon 13

13. ChemChar of PM10 1. Secundaire anorg. ionen
(=nitraat, sulfaat, ammonium)
>> 41% (12,6 µg/m3)
2. Organische massa
>> 20% (6,1 µg/m3)
3. Bodemstof
>> 14% (4,3 µg/m3)
4. Zeezout
>> 8% (2,4 µg/m3)
5. Elementaire koolstof (roet)
>> 4% (1,2 µg/m3) 14