1. Important Eras in US History and the key people within each Era
Day 5-STAAR Review
Important Eras in US History and the key people within each Era

2. Colonization John Smith- successful leader of Jamestown
John Rolfe- brought tobacco to America
Thomas Hooker- founded Connecticut, helped write the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Charles de Montesquieu- his writings on checks and balances inspired Madison
William Blackstone- writings on the judicial system inspired Madison and Jefferson
William Penn- founded Pennsylvania (Quaker)
Roger Williams- founded Rhode Island for religious freedom

3. American Revolution Samuel Adams- founder of Sons of Liberty
Benjamin Franklin- Founding Father who helped write the Constitution and Declaration of Independence and encouraged France to join the Patriots during the Revolution
King George III-King of England
Thomas Jefferson-wrote the Declaration of Independence
John Locke-writings on natural (unalienable) rights influenced Jefferson’s writings.
Patrick Henry- Patriot who believed freedom was worth dying for; “give me liberty or give me death.”
Thomas Paine- wrote Common Sense
George Washington-Commander of the Continental Army
John Paul Johns- first American naval commander; “I have not yet begun to fight.”
Abigail Adams -wife of John Adams, wrote letters to husband during war.
John Adams- patriot leader who helped write the Declaration
Wentworth Cheswell- African American soldier in the Continental Army.
Mercy Otis Warren- female patriot who wrote plays and poems encouraging independence
James Armistead- African American spy for the Continental Army
Bernardo de Galvez- Spanish governor of Louisiana that helped the Continental Army
Crispus Attucks- African American shot during the Boston Massacre
Haym Solomon- helped pay for the American Revolution
Marquis de Lafayette- French officer who helped Washington during the Revolution

4. Constitutional Convention
Alexander Hamilton- Federalist, wrote the Federalist Papers
John Jay- Federalist, wrote the Federalist Papers
James Madison- Federalist, wrote the Federalist Papers
Patrick Henry- Anti-Federalist
George Mason- Anti-Federalist

5. Early Republic
John Marshall- served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for over 30 years

6. Jacksonian Democracy
Andrew Jackson-7th President, common man president; helped expand suffrage to all white males.
John Q. Adams- 6th president and the one responsible for the 1828 Tariff Law
John C. Calhoun- Andrew Jackson’s vice president; from South Carolina; leader in the Nullification Crisis and the Doctrine of Nullification
Henry Clay- The Great Compromiser, helped write a compromise to end the Crisis.
Daniel Webster- believed in a strong union, helped Clay write a compromise

7. Industrial Revolution
Eli Whitney- invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts
Samuel Slater- brought first textile mill to America
Henry Lowell- provided factor jobs to young women in New England

8. Westward Expansion
Lewis and Clark- Main 2 explorers of the Louisiana Territory

9. Reform and Social Movements
Elizabeth Cady Stanton- led women’s movement towards equality and suffrage; wrote the Declaration of Sentiments
Lucretia Mott- powerful speaker and leader in the women’s movement; led the Seneca Falls Convention
Frederick Douglass- former slave, abolitionist, and powerful speaker
Susan B. Anthony- a leader in the women’s rights movement
Henry David Thoreau- urged people to not obey laws they thought were unjust- Civil Disobedience
John J. Audubon- artist who painted birds of North America
William Lloyd Garrison- abolitionist who wrote a newspaper The Liberator
Horace Mann- leader of the education reform movement, father of education
Sojourner Truth- leader in both the abolitionist and women’s rights movement
Dorothea Dix- leader in the prison reform movement and care for the disabled movement

10. Sectionalism
Harriet Beecher Stowe- wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin which discussed the horrors of slavery
Henry Clay- “The Great Compromiser”, wrote Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850
Daniel Webster- believed in keeping the Union strong; argued that people not states made up the Union
John Brown- abolitionist who was involved in Bleeding Kansas and Harper’s Ferry Raid

11. Civil War Abraham Lincoln- President for the Union
U.S. Grant –Union Commander
Jefferson Davis- President for the Confederacy
Robert E. Lee- Confederate Commander
Philip Bazaar- member of the US Navy during the Civil War, won a Congressional Medal of Honor
Stonewall Jackson- one of the best Confederate generals
William Carney- African American soldier who served in the 54th Massachusetts Regiment during the war; first African American to win the Congressional Medal of Honor
Clara Barton- nurse who helped during the Civil War; founded the Red Cross

12. Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson- Lincoln’s vice president who became President when Lincoln was assassinated.
Hiram Rhodes Revels- first African American to serve in Congress as a Senator (Mississippi).