1. Notes 15.1 Static Electricity - electric charge at rest
Electrical forces arise from the charges of particles in the atom
Electrons – negative
Protons – positive

2. Rule for Charges: opposites attract, likes repel

3. Charges can move onto objects.
Most objects are electrically neutral (positives=negatives)
Object gains electrons = negatively charged
Object loses electrons = positively charged

4. The Force between charges is similar to gravity:
Law of Universal Gravitation
Attracts
m = mass
d = distance
G = constant
Coulomb’s Law
Attracts and Repels
q=charge measured in Coulombs
1C=6x1018electrons
K = constant

5. 3 ways an object can be charged:
Friction – two objects rubbing
Contact – two objects touching
Induction
Conductors
Nonconductors –polarization
Grounding

6. Electroscope

7. Friction
Electrons are being transferred when one material rubs against another.
Walking across carpet you pick up extra electrons because of friction. You get shocked when reach for door knob because extra charges leave your body.

8. Contact – electrons transferred by one material touching another

9. Induction- Electric charge is redistributed on an object because a charged object is brought nearby. NO TOUCHING!
Conductors- the free electrons actually move.

10. Grounding – charge moves freely from a charged object to the ground

11. Nonconductors-rearrangement of the positions of the charges with the atom making one side of the atom slightly positive or negative. Polarization