1. Famous Scientists

2. He developed levers and pulleys.
Archimedes
He discovered pi.
He developed levers and pulleys.
Formula – surface and volume of a sphere.
He was best known for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its circumscribing cylinder, for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle Archimedes' principle and for inventing the Archimedes screw (a device for raising water). Archimedes Principal states: an object immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force that is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity on the displaced fluid.
He also invented things such as the hydraulic screw - for raising water from a lower to a higher level, catapult, the lever, the compound pulley and the burning mirror.
In mechanics Archimedes discovered fundamental theorems concerning the centre of gravity of plane figures and solids.

3. Archimedes Water screw
The water screw brought water to the surface, enabling farmers to irrigate their crops.
He was best known for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its circumscribing cylinder, for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle Archimedes' principle and for inventing the Archimedes screw (a device for raising water). Archimedes Principal states: an object immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force that is equal in magnitude to the force of gravity on the displaced fluid.
He also invented things such as the hydraulic screw - for raising water from a lower to a higher level, catapult, the lever, the compound pulley and the burning mirror.
In mechanics Archimedes discovered fundamental theorems concerning the centre of gravity of plane figures and solids.

4. Eratosthenes
Greek mathematician
Measured the circumference of the earth.
Did a good deal of work with prime numbers.

5. Pythagoras
A(2) + B(2) = C(2)
Pythagorean theorem

6. He was a mathematician, astronomer and geographer.
The Islamic Golden Age
“The Father of Algebra,” Muhammad ibn Musa al Khwarizmi was a scholar in the House of Wisdom.
He was a mathematician, astronomer and geographer.

7. A 16th Century Astrolabe above
Arab scholars also improved the workings of the astrolabe.
Astrolabes are used to determine one’s location based on the position of the planets and stars.
This made it possible for men like Columbus to sail to the Americas.
A 16th Century Astrolabe above

8. Nicolaus Copernicus
He was the 1st to claim that the Earth was not the center of the universe.
That planets, including the Earth, revolved around the sun.
This is the Heliocentric view of the cosmos.

9. An original Galilean telescope.
Galileo
Galileo
With the use of his telescope, Galileo will prove that Copernicus was right.
He published The Starry Messenger in 1610, radically changing our awareness of the cosmos.
An original Galilean telescope.

10. Galileo
Galileo
In the Dialogue, Galileo put forth the Heliocentric view of the cosmos. The church brought Galileo before an inquisition and forced him to recant.

11. Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle
Boyle pioneered work on the properties of gases that led to Boyle’s law : volume of a gas varies with the pressure exerted on it.

12. Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton
He is best known for his laws of:
Optics
Gravity
Motion
Inertia
Math - Calculus

13. James Watt James Watt Watt – Improved the steam engine.
Steam powered mechanical engines, allowing them to be placed anywhere.
Steam engines led to factories – radically changing the world from a rural one to an urban one.

14. 1859 - Published the Origin of the Species
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin
Published the Origin of the Species
Theories of: natural selection and survival of the fittest.
Businessmen of the Industrial Revolution used his teachings to justify the social classes that emerged. If poor people had been fit, then they too would have risen to the top. This was called Social Darwinism.

15. Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin
Theory of evolution – Belief that all forms of life, including humans, evolved from earlier living forms that had existed millions of years ago.
Directly contradicted creation theories.

16. Marie Curie Marie Curie Greatest female scientist of all time.
2 time Nobel Prize winner in 1903 and 1911 for the following discoveries:
Discovered elements of radium and polonium.
Two Nobel Prizes: One she shared with her husband in 1903 for physics, and one she earned in 1911 for Chemistry. She died of leukemia in 1934 at the age of 67.

17. She isolated properties of radium for use in x-ray machines.
Marie Curie
Marie Curie
She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics and later in Chemistry.
She isolated properties of radium for use in x-ray machines.
Two Nobel Prizes: One she shared with her husband in 1903 for physics, and one she earned in 1911 for Chemistry. She died of leukemia in 1934 at the age of 67.

18. Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur
1870’s - Developed the process of pasteurization.
Discovered organisms he called bacteria.
Pasteurization is the use of heat to kill germs in liquids like milk.

19. Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein
Theory of relativity – argued that space and time are not constant.
New ideas on space, time, energy and matter.
E=mc(2)

20. “The Wizard of Menlo Park.”
Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison
“The Wizard of Menlo Park.”
Inventor of the Light-bulb.
Invented the phonograph and movie projector.

21. Impact – Gutenberg’s Printing Press
Information could be printed faster and cheaper than before.
Information spread quickly, powering the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation (Luther), and the Age of Discovery (Maps for Columbus).

22. Impact – Edison’s Light-Bulb
It lengthened the work day. Businesses could now run 24 hours a day.
This made the Industrial Revolution in the USA even more productive than before.

23. Impact – Watt’s Steam Engine
It powered the Industrial Revolution.
Factories could now be built almost anywhere.
Machines could produce more goods – faster and cheaper.

24. Impact – Watt’s Steam Engine