1. Chap 35 Day 1, Aim: How did intellectual and economic life transform after WWI?
Do Now- Pair/Share 1) How does the cartoonist view Communists (Reds)? 2) Why does s/he feel this way?

2. Loss of a Moral Compass – (?)
Era of Innovation
“The lost generation” (Gertrude Stein)
Disillusionment after WW I
Idea of Progress- done
Pessimism over idea of human progress
Spengler, Decline of the West
“weakness” of democracy WHY?
Religion discredited
Friedrich Nietzsche ( )
Existentialism- no meaning to life
Formative years of Jean-Paul Sartre ( ), Albert Camus ( )

3. Relativism in the Physical World Albert Einstein (1879-1955)
Theory of Special Relativity
Neither time nor space absolute values, vary with observer
Werner Heisenberg ( )
The Uncertainty Principle
Concepts extended to humanities, social sciences
The Soul Explained?
Sigmund Freud ( )
The life of the subconscious mind
Repression of sexual desires, fears
Interpretation of Dreams
Free Association
Application to mythology, religion, literature, art, etc.

4. Retreat from Realism in Art
Photography makes realism irrelevant- WHY?
Art as creation, not reproduction
Retreat to abstraction
Pablo Picasso ( )
Influence of non-western styles

5. Mechanization of Architecture
The Bauhaus
Director: Walter Gropius ( )
Form follows function
Square, lifeless, but efficient
Skyscrapers
“glass boxes”
“International Style”
Loved by business, government

6. Single-export countries devastated by declines due to new technology
European Origins of the Great Depression
Austria/Germany borrow money from USA to pay war debts to France and England
France, England pay debts owed to USA for WWI
System dependent on flow of cash from USA
Investors begin to pull out in 1928
New Technologies and the Great Depression
Single-export countries devastated by declines due to new technology
Reclaimed rubber destroys rubber-based economies of Dutch East Indies, Malaysia, Ceylon

7. Agricultural Surpluses and the Great Depression
Overproduction in 1920s
Strongest harvests in 1925, 1929
Wheat lowest price in 400 years
Farm income drops
less demand for manufactured goods
inventory surpluses
The Dust Bowl, mid-late 30s (blew to DC)

8. Black Thursday (October 24, 1929)
Stock purchases on margin (borrowing)(3%)
Hints of slowdown in Europe
investors begin to sell
Snowball effect
Life savings lost
Black Thursday
11 Suicides

9. Single-export countries – WHY?
World Economic Collapse
Hardest hit: countries dependent on export of manufactured goods for essentials- WHY?
Japan
Single-export countries – WHY?
South America
US Economic Collapse
Inventory surplus leads to layoffs
Layoffs lead to decreased demand, businesses fail
1932 industrial production ½ of 1929 levels
44% of US banks out of business
Deposits lost

10. Laissez-faire, “planned scarcity” approaches fail
New US Strategies
Laissez-faire, “planned scarcity” approaches fail
John Maynard Keynes, economist
Stimulate economy by lowering interest rates
encouraging investment, employment
The New Deal of Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
WWII Spending
Initial Government Attempts to Increase Demand
Brazil
surplus of coffee beans set on fire, used to build highways – WHY?
USA: “planned scarcity”
Vegetables, fruits and animals destroyed
WHY?
Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath

11. Famous novel of the Depression: Grapes of Wrath- about the Dust Bowl – John Steinbeck
FDR- Fireside Chats on the radio - reassure Americans

12. Assessment How did the economy transform after World War I?
Create a thesis statement for an essay on this topic.
Exchange thesis statement with neighbor.