1. Use the following words in 1-2 sentences.
Bell Work-Monday, February 5, 2018
Use the following words in 1-2 sentences.
federalism
sovereignty
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2. Bell Work
The United States of America practices federalism. Under this policy the states and the national government share sovereignty, meaning they both have powers to govern.
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3. The Clash of the Cabinet
Jefferson vs. Hamilton
The Clash of the Cabinet
USHC 1.6
Analyze the development of the two-party system during the presidency of George Washington, including controversies over domestic and foreign policies and the regional interests of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.

4. US HISTORY USHC 1.6
USHC 1.6
Analyze the development of the two-party system during the presidency of George Washington, including controversies over domestic and foreign policies and the regional interests of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists.

5. Objective/Focus Question
Analyze the development of the two-party system by comparing the political stances between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, during the first presidential term.
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6. Objective/Focus Question
Analyze the development of the two-party system by comparing the political stances between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, during the first presidential term.
What did Hamilton believe?
What did Jefferson believe?
What is a two-party system?
What is a political party?
What are the differences between Hamilton and Jefferson?
Which political party did each belong to?
Who was president during this time?
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7. Analyze the development of the two-party system
“I Can” Statements
I can…
Analyze the development of the two-party system
Analyze the controversies over domestic and foreign policies between Hamilton and Jefferson
Analyze the controversies over the regional interests of the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists
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8. From the Broadway play, “Hamilton”

9. Mini-lesson: Analyzing a two-party system/T-chart
Analyze the development of the two-party system by comparing the political stances between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, during the first presidential term.

10. Student Work
Preview and Closely read to analyze the development of the two-party system by comparing Hamilton and Jefferson.
Be sure to include their positions on the following: Federal Government, Constitution, National Bank, State Debt, Foreign Affairs, Political Party
Analyze the development of the two-party system by comparing the political stances between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson, during the first presidential term.

11. The Origin of Political Parties: Hamilton vs. Jefferson
Strong federal government
Jefferson
Limited national authority and stronger state governments
Rule by elite
Believed in ability of farmers and common people to rule themselves
Loose interpretation of Constitution
Favored national bank
During George Washington’s first term in office, the seeds of political faction emerged from his own cabinet when a philosophical feud developed between Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson. Hamilton favored a nation ruled by “elitists,” whom he considered better educated and therefore better suited to lead. Jefferson, on the other hand, believed that the “common man”—meaning farmers and tradesmen—were best suited to rule.
Part of this feud grew from Hamilton’s financial plans as Treasury secretary. In particular, the two men clashed over Hamilton’s plan to create a national bank, which he hoped would provide for a uniform currency, stabilize the nation’s weak economy, and encourage economic growth and development—especially the development of manufacturing. While Hamilton believed the national bank was constitutional under the so-called “elastic clause” (which allowed Congress to make any laws that were “necessary and proper” for the government to function effectively), Jefferson held a stricter interpretation of the clause and asserted that the only way to create a national bank was by constitutional amendment.
Hamilton and Jefferson’s feud laid the groundwork for what eventually became the nation’s first political parties: the Federalist Party arose around Hamilton and his followers, and the Democratic-Republican Party supported Jefferson and his followers. America’s relations with the two leading European superpowers at the time, France and Britain, added foreign policy to the breach between the two parties. Federalists supported strong relations with Britain to maintain and improve trade. Democratic-Republicans favored firm ties with France, due partly to Jefferson’s past experience with the French government as U.S. ambassador, as well as to a sense of loyalty to the country that had proven indispensable to America during the Revolution.
Strict interpretation of Constitution
Favored paying state debts
Supported merchants, landowners, investors, wealthy
Opposed national bank
Favored payment of national debt, not state debts
Tended to support Britain in foreign affairs
Tended to support France in foreign affairs
Followers formed the Federalist Party
Followers formed the Democratic-Republican Party

12. The President’s Cabinet

13. Washington’s Cabinet NAME POSITION STATE Thomas Jefferson
Sec. of State VA
Alexander Hamilton
Sec. of Treasury NY
Henry Knox
Sec. of War MA
Edmund Randolph
Atty. General

14. Gov. Involvement in Economy Federal Assumption of State War Debts
FEDERALISTS
The First Party System
REPUBLICANS
HAMILTON
John Adams
Leaders
JEFFERSON
James Madison
Strong CENTRAL Gov.
Federalism
States’ Rights
LOOSE Construction
Constitution
STRICT Construction
YES
Gov. Involvement in Economy NO
VERY YES
National Bank
Protective Tariff
Federal Assumption of State War Debts
Urban (Commerce)
Supporters
Rural (Agrarian)

16. Agrarianism
“Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God, if ever he had a chosen people, whose breasts he has made his peculiar deposit for substantial and genuine virtue. It is the focus in which he keeps alive that sacred fire, which otherwise might escape from the face of the earth.”
-- Notes on the State of Virginia

18. The Jeffersonian Economic Model
MANUFACTURING
RAW MATERIALS
AGRICULTURE
FINISHED GOODS
CLICK HERE to read an excerpt from Jefferson’s Notes on the State of Virginia.
Jefferson’s economic model depended on a laissez-faire policy of FREE TRADE between the U.S. and Europe.

19. US in 1789

20. Hamilton’s Proposals
Hamilton’s economic proposals pursued three goals:
Public Credit
National Bank
Domestic Manufacturing

21. Washington’s Farewell Address
WARNINGS AGAINST:
Political Partisanship
Entangling Alliances

22. VS. The Election of 1796 John Adams Thomas Jefferson FEDERALIST
REPUBLICAN

23. SECTIONALISM
1796
1800

24. Gazette of the United States
Partisan Newspapers
Gazette of the United States
(Federalist)
National Gazette
(Republican)

25. tOOTHLESS
BLIND
old
crippled
Bald
Adams
Querulous

26. The Griswold-Lyon Fight
1798

27. The Alien and Sedition Acts
1798
Federalists in Congress place restrictions on citizenship and POLITICAL SPEECH.

28. Was the Sedition Act constitutional?
From Amendment I:
Congress shall make no law… abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press…
RESERVED

29. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Jefferson
Madison

30. State legislatures can protest [and nullify] unconstitutional laws.
Jefferson
Madison

31. Kentucky Resolutions
In questions of power, then, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down…by the chains of the Constitution.

32. Jefferson
to John Taylor of Caroline
“A little patience, and we shall see the reign of witches pass over, their spells dissolve, and the people, recovering their true sight, restore their government to its true principles.”

33. REVOLUTION
1796
1800

34. …and Congress, too!

35. Exit Slip
Do you consider the Federalists or the Republicans to be more realistic? Explain.