1. Building the New Nation
Mr. Johnson
U.S. History

2. The First Party System

3. Washington’s Administration

4. Cabinet – Clashing Views
Democratic-Republicans
Federalists
Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State
Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury

5. The First Two-Party System
Issue
Government: State or national?
Interpretation of the Constitution: Strict or Loose?
Tariffs, Banks & Business or farming?
Banks: National or State?
Defense: Standing Army or Militias?
Foreign Policy: Support Britain or Support France?
Regions of Support: N, S, E, W?
Nullification
More important: Order or Liberty?
Party Leaders & Presidents
Federalists Democratic-Republicans
Questions
Why does the Electoral College encourage a two-party system rather than a multiparty system?
Explain how Thomas Jefferson’s election in the “revolution” of 1800 changed the way the federal (national) government operated.
National
State

6. Two Parties

7. John Adams’ Presidency

8. Election of 1796

9. A New President
John Adams
Boston Patriot
Federalist

10. Vice President Thomas Jefferson Virginian
Republican (Democratic-Republican
Became VP because he received second-most votes
At odds with Adams

11. The XYZ Affair Jay Treaty – An alliance with Britain?
French seize 300 American ships in French harbors
Adams sends negotiators to Paris to meet with “X, Y and Z”
French demand $250,000 payment and $10 million loan
"Millions for defense, sir, but not one cent for tribute!“
Link

12. The Quasi War Piracy, small naval battles
Convention of 1800 – ends the Quasi War, but terminates US alliance with France against Britain
U.S. is now neutral, following Washington’s farewell advice

13. Alien & Sedition Acts Four Bills Naturalization Act Alien Friends Act
Alien Enemies Act
Sedition Act

14. Naturalization Acts 1790 1795 1798 Notice time no notice required
3 years
5 years
Residence period
2 years
14 years
Target: potential English & Irish immigrants who would likely vote for the Jeffersonian Republicans

15. Alien Friends Act
1798
Arrest and deportation of “dangerous” aliens

16. Alien Enemies Act
1798
Arrest and deportation of resident aliens whose home countries were at war with United States

17. Sedition Act
Outlawed criticism of government officials unless the claims could be proven

18. Nullification Jefferson, many states oppose the Alien & Sedition Acts
Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions call the act “null and void”
States vs. federal government: who wins?...
…Principle remained untested because the states never enforced these resolutions

19. John Marshall Strong Federalist
Appointed to Supreme Court by John Adams
Expanded power of federal government and judicial branch

20. Election of 1800 Mudslinging Obama attack ad Romney attack ad
Youtube video

21. Sally Hemings Controversy

22. Election of 1800

23. Election of 1800 Jefferson wins
“Revolution of 1800”… peaceful transfer of power