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Welcome To Genetics !!
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Genetics The Cell Cycle Chromosome Terms Meiosis Intro
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The Cell Cycle a continuous sequence of cell growth and division
consists of three stages: Interphase – growth of cell Mitosis – division of nucleus Cytokinesis – division of cytoplasm a
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Interphase the period between cell divisions
cells undergo their normal activities (obtaining energy, synthesizing products, repairing damage, etc.)
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Mitosis The division of the nucleus – DNA
2 IDENTICAL CELLS are created Mitosis Super Easy
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Cytokinesis the division of the cytoplasm and organelles
occurs after mitosis
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Chromosome Terms Chromatin
term used to describe the genetic material during interphase all of the DNA molecules in the nucleus
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Chromosome Terms Chromosome
a single DNA molecule (either duplicated or unduplicated)
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Chromosome Terms Chromatid a single strand in a duplicated chromosome
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Chromosome Terms Sister Chromatids
single stranded chromosomes that are attached together at their centromere genetically identical
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When mitosis goes wrong…
√ The Cell Cycle Chromosome Terms Meiosis Intro √
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Meiosis somatic cells (body cells) are diploid (2n)
they contain two copies of each chromosome human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes
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Meiosis meiosis is a special type of cell division that only occurs in the reproductive organs meiosis results in the production of reproductive cells called gametes (sperm and eggs)
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Meiosis gametes are haploid (n)
they contain only one copy of each chromosome human gametes contain 23 chromosomes
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Meiosis each human sperm or egg cell contains:
1 sex chromosome that determines the sex of the individual 22 autosomal chromosomes (autosomes) that determine everything else
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Lesson Outline √ The Cell Cycle Chromosome Terms Meiosis Intro √ √
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